职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (23): 3190-3194.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2022—2024年深圳市某区重点行业企业噪声监测结果分析

廖苑君1, 陈浩2(), 李志明2, 王劲2   

  1. 1.深圳市龙岗区园山公共卫生服务中心医疗监督管理部,广东 深圳 518100
    2.深圳市龙岗区平湖公共卫生服务中心职业健康部,广东 深圳 518111
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-28 修回日期:2025-08-26 出版日期:2025-12-01 发布日期:2025-12-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈浩,主任医师,E-mail:20995693@qq.com
  • 作者简介:廖苑君,女,主管医师,主要从事职业卫生和传染病卫生监督工作。
  • 基金资助:
    深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20210324133013038);深圳市龙岗区科技创新专项资金医疗卫生科技计划项目(LGWJ2023-159);深圳市龙岗区现场物流行病学培训项目

Analysis of noise monitoring results of key industry enterprises in a certain district of Shenzhen from 2022 to 2024

Yuanjun LIAO1, Hao CHEN2(), Zhiming LI2, Jin WANG2   

  1. 1. Medical Supervision and Management Department,Shenzhen Longgang District Yuanshan Public Health Service Center,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518100,China
    2. Occupational Health Management Department,Shenzhen Longgang District Pinghu Public Health Service Center,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518111,China
  • Received:2025-04-28 Revised:2025-08-26 Online:2025-12-01 Published:2025-12-10
  • Contact: CHEN Hao,Chief physician,E-mail:20995693@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解深圳市某区重点行业企业生产性噪声危害现状,为制定针对性预防控制对策奠定科学基础。方法 于2022—2024年在深圳市某区筛选370家存在噪声危害的重点行业企业作为研究对象。通过收集企业基础信息,依据各类行业规范,对生产现场实施卫生学调查、噪声作业岗位检测及评价,同时依据相关指南对个人防护用品使用情况进行综合评估。结果 2022—2024年,超标企业率达到45.68%,超标点数率为29.82%,不同年份企业超标点数率差异有统计学意义(χ2=20.101,P<0.01);大/中型企业超标情况最为严重,不同规模企业超标企业率、超标点数率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=20.911、41.190,均P<0.01);家具制造业和金属制造业超标最高,不同行业类别超标企业率、超标点数率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=45.253、407.060,均P<0.01);港澳台企业超标企业率最高、超标点数率最低,不同经济类型之间超标点数率差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.422,P<0.01);16.78%的监测点未设置防护设施,22.68%的接触噪声岗位人员未发放或未佩戴护耳器。结论 深圳市某区重点行业企业噪声危害不容忽视,不同企业规模、行业类别及经济类型在噪声超标情况和防护措施落实上存在差异,需针对性制定噪声防控策略,加强职业卫生管理。

关键词: 噪声, 监测, 重点行业企业, 职业病危害, 防护设施

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current situation of occupational noise hazards in key industry enterprises in a certain district of Shenzhen,laying a scientific foundation for formulating targeted preventive and control countermeasures. Methods From 2022 to 2024,370 key industry enterprises with noise hazards were selected as the research objects. By collecting basic enterprise information,implementing hygienic surveys,noise operation post detections and evaluations on the production site in accordance with various industry standards,and comprehensively evaluating the use of personal protective equipment according to relevant guidelines. Results From 2022 to 2024,the rate of enterprises with excessive noise was 45.68%,and the rate of excessive noise points was 29.82%. The differences in the rate of excessive noise points among enterprises in different years were statistically significant(χ2=20.101,P<0.01). Large/medium-sized enterprises had the most serious excessive noise situation,and the differences in the rate of enterprises with excessive noise and the rate of excessive noise points among enterprises of different scales were both statistically significant(χ2=20.911,41.190,both P<0.01). The furniture manufacturing industry and the metal manufacturing industry had the highest levels of excessive noise,and the differences in the rate of enterprises with excessive noise and the rate of excessive noise points among enterprises of different industry categories were both statistically significant(χ2=45.253,407.060,both P<0.01). Enterprises from Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan had the highest rate of excessive noise and the lowest rate of excessive noise points,and the differences in the rate of excessive noise points among enterprises of different economic types were statistically significant(χ2=11.422,P<0.01). In addition,16.78% of the monitoring points did not have protective facilities installed,and 22.68% of the workers at noise-exposed positions did not receive or wear ear protectors. Conclusion The noise hazards in key industry enterprises in a certain district of Shenzhen cannot be ignored. There are differences in noise over-standard situations and the implementation of protective measures among enterprises of different scales,industry categories and economic types. It is necessary to formulate targeted noise prevention and control strategies and strengthen occupational health management.

Key words: Noise, Monitoring, Key industry enterprises, Occupational disease hazards, Protective facilities

中图分类号: