护士知觉压力的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

知觉压力是个人感知到外界环境威胁而产生的一种紧张焦虑状态，适当的知觉压力可以激发个体潜能，确保个体良好的应对技能，知觉压力过高则会导致身心困扰和应对不良。护士作为医疗卫生保健系统不可或缺的重要部分，面对高压的工作环境、紧张的医患关系及较低的社会认可度等职业挑战，产生了不同程度的知觉压力，容易对其自身发展、患者安全及整体护理质量造成不同程度的影响，因此如何建立完善的支持系统，减轻护理人员知觉压力是目前护理管理者应重点关注的问题。本文对护士知觉压力的概念、评估工具以及护士知觉压力现状、影响因素和不良影响进行了综述，从个人、部门及组织视角提出应对护士压力的策略，为维护护士身心健康、稳定护理队伍和提升临床工作质量提供参考。

关键词: 护士, 知觉压力, 评估工具, 影响因素, 管理, 综述

Abstract:

Perceived stress is a state of tension and anxiety that arises from an individual's perception of external environmental threats. Appropriate perceived stress can stimulate individual potential and ensure good coping skills，while excessive perceived stress can lead to physical and mental distress and poor coping skills. Nurses，as an indispensable and important part of the healthcare system，experience various levels of perceived stress in the face of high-pressure work environments，tense doctor-patient relationships，and low social recognition，which can easily affect their own development，patient safety，and overall nursing quality. Therefore，how to establish a sound support system and reduce the perceived stress on nursing staff is currently a key concern for nursing managers.This article reviews the concept，evaluation tools，current status，influencing factors，and adverse effects of perceived stress among nurses.Strategies for coping with nurse stress are proposed from the perspectives of individuals，departments，and organizations，providing reference for maintaining the physical and mental health of nurses，stabilizing the nursing team，and improving the quality of clinical work.

Key words: Nurses, Perceived stress, Assessment tools, Influence factors, Management, Review

中图分类号:

R192.6

杨艳霞, 杨艳惠, 刘静, 吕利明. 护士知觉压力的研究进展. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(24): 3452-3456.

YANG Yanxia, YANG Yanhui, LIU Jing, LYU Liming. Research progress on perceived stress in nurses. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(24): 3452-3456.

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