关键词: 矽尘, 噪声, 职业禁忌证, 疑似职业病

Abstract: Objective To analyze the current situation of occupational health hazards and the occupational health status of workers in an engine manufacturing enterprise of Changzhou City,propose preventive measures,thereby providing references for the occupational health management of similar factories. Methods The data from the status quo evaluation and testing results in an engine manufacturing enterprise of Changzhou City in 2022 and occupational health examination records from 2020 to 2023 were collected and analyzed. And a field investigation on occupational health was conducted in an engine manufacturing enterprise of Changzhou City. Results The key occupational health hazards identified in an engine manufacturing enterprise of Changzhou City included silica dust,noise and hand-transmitted vibration,with high risk positions being found in molding,core making,cast cleansing,assembly and commissioning. The free silica contents in the molding,core-making and casting cleaning positions were 50.3%-85.3%,and the silica dust over-limit rates of all positions reached 100.0%. The noise in the commissioning position was extremely harmful with an over-limit rate of 100.0%.It was moderately harmful with over-limit rate of 47.6% and 24.5% respectively in the casting cleaning and assembly positions,and slightly harmful in the molding（33.3%） and core-making positions（37.5%）. The over-limit rate of hand-transmitted vibration in the cast cleaning and assembly positions was 100.0% and 57.1% respectively. In the occupational health examination,16 employees were found to have contraindications to high temperature（11.51%）,21 have contraindications to noise（7.89%）,and 23 employees were suspected of suffering from occupational noise deafness（11.17%）. There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rates of target diseases among different positions（P<0.05）. Conclusions The engine manufacturing enterprise of Changzhou City is one with severe occupational health hazards. The concentration and intensity of silica dust,noise and hand-transmitted vibration are beyond the limits. Noise has already caused certain health damage to workers. The engine manufacturing enterprise of Changzhou City should strengthen the control of silica dust and noise,provide high-quality individual protective equipment,regularly carry out occupational health examination,and properly dispose of personnel detected with target diseases.

Key words: Silica dust, Noise, Occupational contraindications, Suspected occupational diseases