职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 547-553.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国大学生睡眠障碍影响因素的meta分析

钟中慈1a, 边佳2, 胡欣兰1a, 邱晓乔, 赵壮1b, 董丽娟1a   

  1. 1.广州中医药大学附属中山中医院 a 护理部,b 肿瘤内科,广东 中山 528400;
    2.广州中医药大学深圳临床医学院,广东 深圳 518116
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-18 修回日期:2024-07-15 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2025-12-12
  • 通信作者: 董丽娟,主任护师,E-mail:1751066649@qq.com
  • 作者简介:钟中慈,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为临床护理与护理管理。
  • 基金资助:
    中山市第三批社会公益与基础研究重点项目(2022B3013)

Meta-analysis of factors influencing sleep disorders among Chinese college students

ZHONG Zhongci1a, BIAN Jia2, HU Xinlan1a, QIU Xiaoqiao1a, ZHAO Zhuang1b, DONG Lijuan1a   

  1. 1. a Department of Nursing,b Department of Oncology Internal Medicine,Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Zhongshan,Guangdong 528400,China;
    2. Shenzhen Clinical College,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518116,China
  • Received:2024-06-18 Revised:2024-07-15 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-12-12
  • Contact: DONG Lijuan,Chief nurse,E-mail:1751066649@qq.com

摘要: 目的 了解我国大学生睡眠障碍的影响因素,为预防和干预中国大学生的睡眠障碍提供参考依据。方法 检索万方数据库、中国生物医学文献服务系统、中国知网、维普数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane等数据库从2015年1月—2024 年 3月关于中国大学生睡眠障碍患病状况的相关研究,由2名分析人员独立进行文献筛选,提取资料并评价纳入的文献质量,采用RevMan 5.4软件对纳入的文献进行 meta 分析。结果 共纳入48篇文献,总样本量为 81 472例,提取了15个相关的影响因素。Meta分析结果显示,抑郁(OR=2.72,95%CI:1.72~4.30,P<0.01)、择业压力(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.11~1.71,P<0.01)、睡眠环境(OR=1.79,95%CI:1.33~2.41,P<0.01)、电子产品(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.30~2.28,P<0.01)、人际关系(OR=1.43,95%CI:1.19~1.72,P<0.01)、高年级(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.03~1.48,P<0.01)、经济状况(OR=1.21,95%CI:1.03~1.43,P<0.01)、情感问题(OR=2.15,95%CI:1.43~3.22,P<0.01)、专业(医学生)(OR=1.66,95%CI:1.22~2.24,P<0.01)、焦虑(OR=1.82,95%CI:1.44~2.31,P<0.01)、身体状况(OR=1.92,95%CI:1.56~2.37,P<0.01)、性别(女生)(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.17~1.33,P<0.01)、体育锻炼(OR=0.83,95%CI:0.78~0.89,P<0.01)、作息规律(OR=2.22,95%CI:1.92~2.57,P<0.01)、学业压力(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.43~2.17,P<0.01)是我国大学生睡眠障碍的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 抑郁、择业压力、睡眠环境、使用电子产品、人际关系、高年级、经济状况、情感问题、专业(医学生)、焦虑、身体状况、性别(女生)、学业压力是大学生睡眠障碍的危险因素。经常体育锻炼、作息时间规律是大学生睡眠障碍的保护因素。高校及相关部门可以针对上述因素予以高度关注,做好早期防范工作以提高大学生的睡眠质量。

关键词: 大学生, 睡眠障碍, 影响因素, Meta分析

Abstract: Objective To explore the influencing factors of sleep disorders among college students in China,and to provide reference basis for the prevention and intervention of sleep disorders among Chinese college students. Methods Relevant studies on the prevalence of sleep disorders among Chinese college students were searched in Wanfang Database,China Biomedical Literature Service System,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP Database,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane,etc. from January 2015 to March 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted information and evaluated the quality of the included literature.Rev Man 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis of the included literature. Results A total of 48 articles were included,with a total sample size of 81 472 cases,and 15 relevant influencing factors were extracted.The meta-analysis results showed that depression(OR=272,95%CI:1.72-4.30,P<0.01),pressure to choose a job(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.11-1.71,P<0.01),sleep environment(OR=1.79,95%CI:1.33-2.41,P<0.01),electronic products(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.30-2.28,P<0.01),interpersonal relationship(OR=1.43,95%CI:1.19-1.72,P<0.01),senior grade(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.03-1.48,P<0.01),economic status(OR=1.21,95%CI:1.03-1.43,P<0.01),emotional problems(OR=2.15,95%CI:1.43-3.22,P<0.01),major(medical students)(OR=1.66,95%CI:1.22-2.24,P<0.01),anxiety(OR=1.82,95%CI:1.44-2.31,P<0.01),physical condition(OR=1.92,95%CI:1.56-2.37,P<0.01),gender(female)(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.17-1.33,P<0.01),physical exercise(OR=0.83, 95%CI:0.78-0.89,P<0.01),regular work and rest(OR=2.22,95%CI:1.92-2.57,P<0.01),and academic pressure(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.43-2.17,P<0.01) were the influencing factors of sleep disorders among college students in China. Conclusion Depression,career choice pressure,sleep environment,use of electronic products,interpersonal relationships,senior grades,economic status,emotional problems,major(medical students),anxiety,physical condition,gender(female),and academic pressure are risk factors for sleep disorders in college students. Regular physical exercise and regular work and rest schedules are protective factors for sleep disorders in college students. Colleges and universities and related departments can pay great attention to the above factors and do early prevention work to improve the sleep quality of college students.

Key words: College students, Sleep disorder, Influencing factors, Meta-analysis