关键词: 急诊科, 医务人员, 工作场所心理暴力, 共情能力, 心理复原力, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current situation and correlation of workplace psychological violence,empathy ability and psychological resilience among medical staff in emergency department in grade-A tertiary hospitals,and to explore the influence of empathy ability and psychological resilience on workplace psychological violence. Methods From March to April 2024,a total of 305 emergency departments medical staff from 10 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province were selected as the survey subjects by convenient sampling method. The workplace psychological violence scale,empathy scale and psychological resilience scale were used to investigate 305 emergency medical staff. Descriptive analysis,single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of psychological violence in the workplace of medical staff in emergency department and its relationship with empathy and psychological resilience. Results The score of workplace psychological violence of 305 emergency department medical staff was （25.93±13.41）points,of which 30.16%（92/305） medical staff tested positive for psychological violence. The empathy ability score was （93.36±15.84）points,and the psychological resilience score was （87.66±14.35）points. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of workplace psychological violence among emergency department medical staff with different gender,education level,working years in emergency department,shift work,personality type,and whether they received workplace violence training（all P<0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there were negative correlations between workplace psychological violence and empathy ability scores among emergency department medical staff in grade-A tertiary hospitals（r=-0.308--0.854,all P<0.05）,and negative correlations between workplace psychological resilience scores（r=-0.264--0.842,all P<0.05）. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that empathy and psychological resilience had a significant predictive effect on workplace psychological violence（β=-0.432,-0.349,both P<0.05）,which independently explained 53.0% of workplace psychological violence. Conclusion The incidence of workplace psychological violence among emergency medical department staff ingrade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province is high,and empathy ability and psychological resilience are important protective factors. Hospital managers should pay attention to the psychological violence in the workplace of medical staff in special departments such as emergency departments,improve empathy ability and psychological resilience,so as to improve the psychological violence in the workplace of medical staff.

Key words: Emergency department, Medical staff, Workplace psychological violence, Empathy ability, Psychological resilience, Influencing factors