关键词: 特殊环境, 野外驻训, 疾病, 损伤, 疲劳

Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation of the occurrence of disease,injury and fatigue in field trainees in different environments,so as to provide a basis for preventing injuries and formulating health support strategies in special environments. Methods In August 2023,a total of 308,590,and 215 trainees were selected from three training units under hot and humid,dry hot and plateau environments. A questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze the incidence of disease injuries,labor intensity,and fatigue among field trainees. Results Patients with musculoskeletal,joint and skin symptoms in humid and hot environments were significantly higher than those in plateau and dry hot environments（all P<0.05）. However,patients with ear,nose,eye and oral symptoms in dry hot environments were significantly higher than those in other areas（all P<0.05）.Patients with digestive and respiratory symptoms in plateau environments were significantly higher than those in other areas（all P<0.05）. The investigated individuals were all extremely heavy manual laborers,there were 1（0.3%）,8（1.4%） and 0（0.0%） cases of severe fatigue in hot and humid,dry hot and plateau environments,respectively. 77.3%,77.1% and 80.0% of the field trainees believed that sleep/rest had a very significant relieving effect on fatigue in hot and humid,dry hot and plateau environments,23.1%,21.0% and 19.5% of the field trainees believed that fatigue had a very obvious relationship with mood and environment,37.0%,33.9% and 40.5% of the field trainees believed that fatigue had a obvious relationship with mood and environment,29.5%,28.8% and 28.8% of the field trainees believed that fatigue had a relatively obvious relationship with mood and environment. Conclusion Types of injuries and diseases and the occurrence of fatigue are closely related to the field training environment. Targeted health and disease prevention education and corresponding health protection strategies should be developed based on the training environment and the characteristics of injuries.

Key words: Special environment, Field training, Disease, Injuring, Fatigue