职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (8): 1116-1122.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国医学生抑郁检出率及影响因素的meta分析

李启明1ab, 潘华平1cd, 安香霖1bd, 鲁颖2, 李雅方1be, 卢心雨3   

  1. 1.江西中医药大学 a 岐黄国医书院,b 人文学院,c 癌症研究中心,d 临床医学院,e 江西省中医药管理局中医心理与脑科学重点研究室,江西 南昌 330004;
    2.福建中医药大学中西医结合学院(中西医结合研究院),福建 福州 350122;
    3.海南医科大学(海南省医学科学院)国际护理学院,海南 海口 571199
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-16 修回日期:2024-09-21 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-12-18
  • 通信作者: 李雅方,教授,E-mail:1159674822@qq.com
  • 作者简介:李启明,男,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为中医情志疾病相关理论与实践研究、中医药防治心理与心血管疾病。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82104737); 江西中医药大学首批校级科技创新团队项目(CXTD22016); 江西中医药大学博士启动基金项目(2020BSZR013)

Meta-analysis of depression detection rate and influencing factors among Chinese medical students

LI Qiming1ab, PAN Huaping1cd, AN Xianglin1bd, LU Ying2, LI Yafang1be, LU Xinyu3   

  1. 1. a Qihuang Chinese Medicine Academy,b College of Humanities,c Cancer Research Center,d Clinical Medical College,e Key Laboratory of TCM Psychology and Brain Science,Jiangxi State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330004,China;
    2. College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine(Research Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine),Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Fuzhou,Fujian 350122,China;
    3. International College of Nursing,Hainan Medical University(Hainan Academy of Medical Sciences),Haikou,Hainan 571199,China
  • Received:2024-08-16 Revised:2024-09-21 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-12-18
  • Contact: LI Yafang,Professor,E-mail:1159674822@qq.com

摘要: 目的 了解我国医学生抑郁检出率及影响因素,为医学生抑郁的心理健康教育及科学管理提供参考依据。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、EBSCO、CNKI、万方、VIP等中英文数据库中公开发表的我国医学生抑郁及影响因素的横断面研究,检索时限为2010年1月—2023年3月。2名独立研究人员提取数据和质量评价后,运用RevMan 5.4.1软件进行meta分析。结果 纳入文献26篇,样本量42 382人。Meta分析结果显示,我国医学生抑郁检出率为30.63%(95%CI:26.50%~34.75%),男性(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.07~1.43)、大三年级(OR=1.56,95%CI:1.13~2.16)、单亲(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.42~2.11)、专业不满意(OR=4.18,95%CI:1.53~11.41)、家庭关系失和(OR=2.83,95%CI:1.84~4.35)、不参加体育锻炼(OR=1.59,95%CI:1.46~1.72)、自评身体健康状况一般/差(OR=2.34,95%CI:1.41,3.87)、有吸烟和饮酒史(OR=2.14、1.71, 95%CI:1.67~2.74、95%CI:1.50~1.96)、性格内向(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.47~1.94)、留守儿童(OR=1.63,95%CI:1.33~2.00)、有遭受欺凌经历(OR=2.51,95%CI:1.94~3.25)、同学关系一般/差(OR=2.34,95%CI:1.69~3.24)均为医学生抑郁的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论 我国医学生抑郁检出率处于较高水平,且大三年级、社会支持情况差、不良行为方式等是医学生抑郁的危险因素,应针对性加强心理干预和健康教育。

关键词: 医学生, 抑郁, 检出率, 影响因素, Meta分析

Abstract: Objective To understand the detection rate and influencing factors of depression among Chinese medical students,provide reference for the psychological health education and scientific management of medical students with depression. Methods A computer search was conducted in both Chinese and English databases,including PubMed,Cochrane Library,EBSCO,CNKI,Wan Fang,and VIP,for cross-sectional studies on the influencing factors of depression among Chinese medical students published from January 2010 to March 2023. After data extraction and quality evaluation by two independent researchers,meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.1 software. Results A total of 26 articles were included,with a sample size of 42 382.The results of meta-analysis showed that the detection rate of depression among Chinese medical students was 30.63%(95%CI:26.50%-34.75%). The male(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.07-1.43),third year of study(OR=1.56,95%CI:1.13-2.16),single parent(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.42-2.11),not satisfied with the profession(OR=4.18,95%CI:1.53-11.41),family relationship breakdown(OR=2.83,95%CI:1.84-4.35),no physical activity(OR=1.59,95%CI:1.46-1.72), self-rated physical health is general/poor(OR=2.34,95%CI:1.41-3.87),history of smoking and alcohol consumption(OR=2.14、1.71,95%CI:1.67-2.74、1.50-1.96),introverted personality(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.47-1.94),left-behind children(OR=1.63,95%CI:1.33-2.00),experience of bullying(OR=2.51,95%CI:1.94-3.25) and average/poor student relationship(OR=2.34,95%CI:1.69-3.24) were risk factors for depression among medical students(all P<0.05). Conclusions The detection rate of depression among Chinese medical students is relatively high. Third year of study,poor social support,and bad behavior patterns are risk factors for depression among medical students. Therefore,targeted psychological intervention and health education should be strengthened.

Key words: Medical students, Depression, Detection rate, Influencing factors, Meta-analysis

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