咸阳市公立三级甲等医院护士积极心理资本在职业倦怠与生存质量间的中介效应

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 1162-1167.

咸阳市公立三级甲等医院护士积极心理资本在职业倦怠与生存质量间的中介效应

张晨^1a, 于萍^1a, 赵艳², 杨琼^1b, 王西歌^1c

1.咸阳市中心医院 a健康管理中心,b慢病管理中心,c门诊办公室,陕西咸阳 712000;
2.咸阳市第一人民医院神经内科,陕西咸阳 712000

收稿日期:2024-07-15 修回日期:2024-07-29 出版日期:2025-05-01 发布日期:2025-12-12
通信作者: 赵艳,副主任护师,E-mail：695065047@qq.com
作者简介:张晨,女,副主任护师,主要从事临床护理与慢性病健康管理工作。
基金资助:
咸阳市创新能力支撑计划-科技创新平台项目（S2023-CXNL-CXPT-ZDSYS-2196）

Mediating effect of positive psychological capital on the relationship between occupational burnout and quality of life among nurses in public grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xianyang City

ZHANG Chen^1a, YU Ping^1a, ZHAO Yan², YANG Qiong^1b, WANG Xige^1c

1. a Department of Health Management Center,b Center for Chronic Disease Management,c Outpatient office,Xian Yang Central Hospital,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712000,China;
2. Department of Neurology,The First People's Hospital of Xianyang,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712000,China

Received:2024-07-15 Revised:2024-07-29 Online:2025-05-01 Published:2025-12-12
Contact: ZHAO Yan,Deputy chief nurse,E-mail：695065047@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解咸阳市公立三级甲等医院护士积极心理资本现状,分析积极心理资本在护士职业倦怠与生存质量之间的中介效应。方法于2024年1—2月采用便利抽样法选取咸阳市2家公立三级甲等医院376名护士为研究对象,采用积极心理资本问卷、Maslash工作倦怠量表通用版、世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表修订版进行调查。结果咸阳市2家公立三级甲等医院护士积极心理资本、职业倦怠、生存质量得分分别为（119.26±19.42）、（63.07±10.96）和（99.01±15.95）分。积极心理资本与职业倦怠呈负相关（r=-0.631,P<0.01）,与生存质量呈正相关（r=0.670,P<0.01）。结构方程模型结果显示,积极心理资本在护士职业倦怠与生存质量间存在部分中介作用,效应值为-0.267,中介效应占比23.6%。结论积极心理资本是公立三级甲等医院护士群体职业倦怠与生存质量间的重要中介变量,职业倦怠可通过积极心理资本影响到生存质量。因此,建议通过培养护士积极的心理品质与能力,减缓工作中各种负性事件带来的冲击,减缓职业倦怠的发生,促进护士生存质量的提升。

关键词: 公立三级甲等医院, 积极心理资本, 护士, 职业倦怠, 生存质量, 中介效应

Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation of nurses' positive psychological capital in Xianyang public grade-A tertiary hospitals,and analyze the mediating effect of positive psychological capital on the relationship between nurses' occupational burnout and quality of life. Methods A total of 376 nurses from two public grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xianyang City from January to February 2024 were selected as the research subjects by convenience sampling. The positive psychological capital questionnaire,the Maslach burnout inventory-general survey and the world health organization quality of life scale-brief form questionnaire-revised version were used to investigate,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of positive psychological capital,occupational burnout,and quality of life for nurses in two public grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xianyang City were （119.26±19.42）,（63.07±10.96） and （99.01±15.95）points,respectively. Positive psychological capital was negatively correlated with occupational burnout（r=-0.631,P<0.01）,and positively correlated with quality of life（r=0.670,P<0.01）. The results of the structural equation model showed that positive psychological capital partially mediated the relationship between nurse occupational burnout and quality of life,with an effect value of -0.267 and a mediation effect accounting for 23.6%. Conclusion Positive psychological capital is an important mediating variable between occupational burnout and quality of life among nurses in public grade-A tertiary hospitals. Occupational burnout can affect quality of life through positive psychological capital. Therefore,it is recommended to cultivate positive psychological qualities and abilities of nurses,mitigate the impact of various negative events in work,slow down the occurrence of occupational burnout,and promote the improvement of nurse quality of life.

Key words: Public grade-A tertiary hospitals, Positive psychological capital, Nurse, Occupational burnout, Quality of life, Mediation effect

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

张晨, 于萍, 赵艳, 杨琼, 王西歌. 咸阳市公立三级甲等医院护士积极心理资本在职业倦怠与生存质量间的中介效应. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(9): 1162-1167.

ZHANG Chen, YU Ping, ZHAO Yan, YANG Qiong, WANG Xige. Mediating effect of positive psychological capital on the relationship between occupational burnout and quality of life among nurses in public grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xianyang City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(9): 1162-1167.

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