职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (12): 1670-1674.

• 论著—学校卫生 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市静安区学校流感样聚集性疫情影响因素研究

陈红, 吕丽雪, 倪晓芬, 任东升, 周洲   

  1. 上海市静安区疾病预防控制中心上海 200072
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-26 修回日期:2025-06-24 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2026-06-18
  • 作者简介:陈红,女,副主任医师,主要从事急性传染病防治工作。
  • 基金资助:
    2025年上海市静安区卫健委十百千人才项目(2025SBX-YQ09);2025年上海市静安区卫生健康科研项目(2025GW04)

Study on influencing factors of influenza like cluster epidemics in schools in Jing'an District of Shanghai from 2019 to 2023

CHEN Hong, LYU Lixue, NI Xiaofen, REN Dongsheng, ZHOU Zhou   

  1. Shanghai Jing'an District Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghai 200072, China
  • Received:2025-02-26 Revised:2025-06-24 Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-06-18

摘要:

目的 回顾分析上海市静安区学校流感样病例聚集性疫情特征及影响因素,为完善学校传染病防控工作提供依据。方法 分析2019—2023年上海市静安区报告学校流感样病例聚集性疫情分布特征及学校防控设施现况,如物资储备、隔离教室设置、卫生老师防治素养等,并对数据进行分析。结果 报告的105起中,流感样病例聚集性疫情最多的年份是2019年(54.29%),其次为2023年(37.14%);报告月份呈单峰分布,主要集中在11月—次年3月,其中最多的月份是12月(38.10%),其次为2月(14.29%);不同学段之间,聚集性疫情发生率由高至低为小学(58.82%)、初中(38.89%)和高中(31.58%)(χ2=45.115,P<0.05),单起疫情累计发病人数小学>初中>高中(H=45.447,P<0.05);平均疫情持续天数小学>高中>初中(H=46.432,P<0.05);隔离教室设置独用通道、独用卫生间、卫生老师知晓聚集性疫情定义及高发季节等为影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 应加强对开展消毒工作的保洁人员等非卫生专业人员的培训,严格落实隔离措施。同时针对高发季节等影响聚集性疫情发生率和疫情规模的主要因素,采取相应控制措施,预防聚集性疫情的发生和扩散。

关键词: 流感, 学校, 聚集性疫情, 影响因素

Abstract:

Objective To retrospectively analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of clustered influenza like cases in schools in Jing'an District of Shanghai from 2019 to 2023,in order to provide a basis for improving the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools. Methods The distribution characteristics of clustered influenza like cases in schools reported in Jing'an District of Shanghai from 2019 to 2023 were analyzed,while the current status of school prevention and control facilities such as material reserves,isolation classroom settings,and health teacher prevention and control literacy was explored,and the data were analyzed. Results Among 105 reported cases,the year with the highest concentration of influenza like cases was 2019(54.29%),followed by 2023(37.14%). The report month showed a unimodal distribution,mainly concentrated between November and March of the following year,with the most frequent month being December(38.10%),followed by February(14.29%). Among different school stages,the incidence of clustered epidemics was the highest in primary school(58.82%),junior high school(38.89%),and high school(31.58%)(χ2=45.115,P<0.05). The accumulated number of cases from a single epidemic were primary school>junior high school>high school(H=45.447,P<0.05). The average duration of the epidemic were primary school>high school>junior high school(H=46.432,P<0.05). The setting of separate passages and toilets in the isolation classroom,as well as the awareness of the definition of clustered epidemics and high incidence seasons by health teachers are influencing factors(all P<0.05). Conclusions According to the research results,non hygiene professionals such as cleaning staff who carry out disinfection work should receive strengthened training,and isolation measures should be strictly implemented. At the same time,the main factors affecting the incidence and scale of clustered epidemics,such as high incidence seasons and definitions of clustered epidemics,should be taken into account to prevent the occurrence and spread of clustered epidemics.

Key words: Influenza, School, Clustered epidemic, Influencing factors

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