HIV感染者/AIDS患者生活质量现状及评估工具的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

艾滋病即“获得性免疫缺陷综合征”（acquired immunedeficiency syndrome，AIDS），是由人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus，HIV）感染引起的传染性疾病。随着抗反转录病毒疗法（anti-retroviral therapy，ART）的出现，使AIDS从一种致死性疾病转变为可控可治的慢性疾病，显著延长了患者预期寿命。由于HIV感染、药物的副作用及年龄等因素，会给患者生理、心理和社会等方面带来影响，严重影响患者的生活质量。可见，关注HIV感染者/AIDS患者的生活质量对改善临床结局至关重要。因此，本文对HIV感染者/AIDS患者生活质量现状及现有评估工具的发展过程、主要内容及应用现状进行综述，分析其特点及应用困境，为临床研究选择恰当的评估工具、编制符合我国文化背景的HIV感染者/AIDS患者生活质量的评估工具及优化HIV感染者/AIDS患者生活质量管理，提高临床决策提供参考与借鉴。

关键词: 人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者/获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者, 生活质量, 评估工具, 综述, 护理

Abstract:

AIDS，namely "acquired immunedeficiency syndrome"（AIDS），is an infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） infection. With the advent of anti-retroviral therapy（ART），AIDS has transformed from a fatal disease into a manageable and treatable chronic disease，significantly prolonging the life expectancy of patients. Due to factors such as HIV infection，side effects of drugs and age，it has a serious impact on the physical，psychological and social aspects of patients，seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. Evidently，paying attention to the quality of life of HIV-infected individuals/AIDS patients is crucial forimproving clinical outcomes. Therefore，this article briefly introduces the current situation of the quality of life of HIV-infected individuals/AIDS patients and the development process，main contents and application status of existing assessment tools，and analyzes their characteristics and application predicaments，so as to provide references and insights for selecting appropriate assessment tools for clinical research，developing assessment tools for the quality of life of HIV-infected individuals/AIDS patients that align with the cultural background of our country，optimizing the management of the quality of life forHIV-infected individuals/AIDS patients，and improving clinical decision-making.

Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus infected individuals/patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Quality of life, Evaluation tools, Review, Nursing

中图分类号:

R512.91

李明丹, 邹杰, 徐亚丽, 刘倩, 杨平. HIV感染者/AIDS患者生活质量现状及评估工具的研究进展. [J]职业与健康, 2026, 42(12): 1703-1707.

LI Mingdan, ZOU Jie, XU Yali, LIU Qian, YANG Ping. Research progress on status and assessment tools of quality of life among HIV-infected individuals/AIDS patients. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2026, 42(12): 1703-1707.

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