主动健康视角下护士健康促进行为的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

作为医疗体系的核心力量，护士长期面临高强度工作压力、昼夜节律紊乱、职业暴露风险等多重健康威胁，呈现出显著的“健康守护者自身失守”现象。优化护士健康促进行为水平对提升医疗质量、稳定护理人力资源具有双重意义。在此背景下，“主动健康”理念的引入为打破这一困境提供了新路径。该理念突破传统“被动治疗”模式，倡导通过早期风险识别、行为干预和环境支持的三维联动，构建“预防-干预-维持”的全周期健康促进闭环。本文从主动健康视角出发，对护士健康促进行为的定义、评估工具、影响因素进行综述，并提出基于主动健康视角的护士健康促进行为干预策略，以期为改善护士群体健康水平、稳定护理人力资源提供理论依据和实践参考，对推动“健康中国”战略在医疗卫生领域的落地具有重要现实意义。

关键词: 主动健康, 护士, 健康促进行为, 综述

Abstract:

As the core workforce of the medical system，nurses persistently face multiple health threats including high-intensity work pressure，circadian rhythm disruption，and occupational exposure risks，manifesting a notable phenomenon of "health guardians losing their own health defenses". Optimizing nurse’ health-promotion behaviors holds dual significance for improving healthcare quality and stabilizing nursing human resources. In this context，the introduction of the "Proactive Health" concept offers a new pathway to address this dilemma. Breaking through the traditional "passive treatment" model，this philosophy advocates establishing a full-cycle health promotion loop of "prevention-intervention-maintenance" through three-dimensional coordination of early risk identification，behavioral intervention，and environmental support. From the perspective of proactive health，this paper reviews the definition，assessment tools，and influencing factors of nurses' health-promotion behaviors，while proposing corresponding intervention strategies. The findings aim to provide theoretical foundations and practical references for enhancing nurses' health status and stabilizing nursing workforce resources，carrying substantial practical significance for implementing the "Healthy China" strategy in healthcare fields.

Key words: Proactive health, Nurse, Health-promoting behaviors, Review

中图分类号:

R192.6

刘慧妮, 翁惠婷, 候敏, 杨丽, 王琴. 主动健康视角下护士健康促进行为的研究进展. [J]职业与健康, 2026, 42(13): 1867-1872.

LIU Huini, WENG Huiting, HOU Min, YANG Li, WANG Qin. Research progress of nurses' health-promotion behaviors based on a proactive health perspective. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2026, 42(13): 1867-1872.

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