职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (16): 2161-2165.

• 论著—职业卫生与职业相关疾病 •    下一篇

2015—2024年成都市双流区职业病发病情况及趋势分析

辜丽红1, 吕天萍1, 杨非2, 王平1, 王冬迎1, 秦天1   

  1. 1 成都市双流区疾病预防控制中心四川 成都 610200
    2 成都市疾病预防控制中心四川 成都 610000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-05 修回日期:2025-09-03 出版日期:2026-08-15 发布日期:2026-08-10
  • 作者简介:辜丽红,女,主管医师,主要从事公共卫生工作。
  • 基金资助:
    成都市双流区卫健系统健康危害因素监测项目(51011623T000008743340)

Analysis on the incidence and trend of occupational diseases in Shuangliu District of Chengdu City from 2015 to 2024

GU Lihong1, LYU Tianping1, YANG Fei2, WANG Ping1, WANG Dongying1, QIN Tian1   

  1. 1 Chengdu Shuangliu District Center for Disease Control and PreventionChengduSichuan 610200, China
    2 Chengdu Center for Disease Control and PreventionChengduSichuan 610000, China
  • Received:2025-08-05 Revised:2025-09-03 Online:2026-08-15 Published:2026-08-10

摘要:

目的 分析2015—2024年成都市双流区新发职业病发病特征及趋势,为进一步完善双流区职业病防控策略提供参考依据。方法 收集2015—2024年双流区的新发职业病病例数据,对发病情况及趋势进行统计学描述分析。结果 2015—2024年双流区共报告新发职业病4类69例患者,以职业性尘肺病(47.83%,33/69)、职业性化学中毒(21.74%,15/69)和职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病(15.94%,11/69)报告数居前3位。2015—2024年双流区尘肺病占比呈下降趋势(χ2=8.337,P<0.01),职业性噪声聋和物理因素所致职业病占比均呈上升趋势(χ2=5.144、7.752,均P<0.05),大型企业新发职业病占比呈上升趋势(χ2=4.796,P<0.05)。病例以男性为主(64例,92.75%),平均发病年龄为(50.35±13.91)岁,接害工龄(M)为5.50年;病例主要集中在小型企业(55.07%,38/69),行业类别以制造业为主(62.32%,43/69)。不同类别职业病在不同性别、发病年龄、接害工龄、企业规模、行业类别的分布差异均有统计学意义(χ2=9.502、33.967、24.360、24.128、47.637,均P<0.05)。结论 成都市双流区应在持续巩固尘肺病防控成果基础上,强化噪声、高温等危害因素的防护。探索动态分级监管办法,重点加强中小微企业的职业病防控工作,同时需持续关注大型企业、新兴产业职业病发病情况。

关键词: 职业病, 流行病学研究, 发病特征, 发病趋势, 噪声聋, 尘肺病

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the incidence characteristics and trends of new occupational diseases in Shuangliu District of Chengdu City from 2015 to 2024,and provide scientific basis for further improving the strategy of occupational disease prevention and control in Shuangliu District. Methods Collect the information of new occupational disease cases in Shuangliu District from 2015 to 2024,and make a statistical descriptive analysis on the incidence and trend of occupational diseases. Results A total of 69 new cases of occupational diseases in 4 categories were reported in Shuangliu District of Chengdu City from 2015 to 2024. The incidence of occupational pneumoconiosis(47.83%,33/69),occupational chemical poisoning(21.74%,15/69),and occupational ear,nose,throat,and oral diseases(15.94%,11/69) ranked the top three. From 2015 to 2024,the proportion of pneumoconiosis in Shuangliu District showed a downward trend(χ2=8.337,P<0.01),while the proportion of occupational noise deafness and occupational diseases caused by physical factors showed an upward trend(χ2=5.144,7.752,both P<0.05),and the proportion of new occupational diseases in large enterprises showed an upward trend(χ2=4.796,P<0.05). The cases were mainly male(64 cases,92.75%),the average age of onset was (50.35±3.91)years,the median years of exposure to hazardous substances were 5.50 years.The cases were mainly distributed in small enterprises(55.07%,38/69),concentrated in the manufacturing industry(62.32%,43/69). The differences in the distribution of different types of occupational diseases in different gender,onset age,exposure to hazardous substances working years,enterprise size,and industry categories were statistically significant(χ2=9.502,33.967,24.360,24.128,47.637,all P<0.05). Conclusion Shuangliu District in Chengdu should strengthen the protection against noise,high temperature and other harmful factors on the basis of continuously consolidating the achievements in the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis. Explore dynamic graded supervision methods,focusing on strengthening occupational disease prevention and control for small and medium-sized enterprises,while also continuing to pay attention to the incidence of occupational diseases in large enterprises and emerging industries.

Key words: Occupational diseases, Epidemiologic studies, Morbidity characteristics, Incidence trend, Noise deafness, Pneumoconiosis

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