职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (17): 2388-2393.

• 论著——环境与健康 • 上一篇    下一篇

2024年重庆市秀山县水中总α、总β放射性的测量分析

吴浪1, 敖世坤1, 廖为为1, 胡冬梅1, 陈海龙2()   

  1. 1 重庆市秀山土家族苗族自治县疾病预防控制中心重庆 409900
    2 重庆市农业生态与资源保护站重庆 401120
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-02 修回日期:2025-11-11 出版日期:2026-09-01 发布日期:2026-08-14
  • 通信作者: 陈海龙 E-mail:945785758@qq.com
  • 作者简介:吴浪,男,工程师,主要从事理化检验与环境卫生监测工作。
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市秀山县科卫联合医学科研重点项目(2025XSKY14)

Measurement and analysis of total α and total β radioactivity levels in water in Xiushan County of Chongqing City in 2024

WU Lang1, AO Shikun1, LIAO Weiwei1, HU Dongmei1, CHEN Hailong2()   

  1. 1 Chongqing Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and PreventionChongqing 409900, China
    2 Chongqing Agricultural Ecology and Resource Protection StationChongqing 401120, China
  • Received:2025-04-02 Revised:2025-11-11 Online:2026-09-01 Published:2026-08-14
  • Contact: CHEN Hailong E-mail:945785758@qq.com

摘要:

目的 优化水中总α、总β放射性活度浓度的测量方法,评定测量方法的不确定度,并对2024年重庆市秀山县水中总α、总β放射性测量结果进行分析。方法 分析水中总α、总β放射性测量全过程,确定不确定度来源和大小。分析2024年重庆市秀山县水中总α、总β放射性测量结果。结果 总α、总β放射性探测下限分别为LDα=0.014 Bq/L、L=0.011 Bq/L,相对标准偏差分别为7.29%、6.88%,平均加标回收率分别为68.78%、94.95%。秀山县饮用水中总α放射性水平范围为LDα~0.15 Bq/L,温泉水和其他3种类型水比较,差异有统计学意义(F=41.060,P<0.05),其他3种类型水比较,差异无统计学意义(F=2.302,P>0.05)。总β放射性活度水平范围为0.02~0.14 Bq/L,温泉水与自来水、山泉水比较,差异有统计学意义(F=17.109,P<0.05),深井水与自来水、山泉水比较,差异有统计学意义(F=9.585,P<0.05)。结论 该方法操作简单,精密度、灵敏度、准确度满足对水中总α、总β放射性活度浓度的测量要求,适合水中总α、总β放射性活度浓度的测量。不确定度主要来源于样品净计数率、计数效率、回收率、重复性。2024年秀山县生活饮用水中总α放射性和总β放射性均低于国家生活饮用水卫生标准指导值。

关键词: 总α放射性, 总β放射性, 不确定度, 测量分析

Abstract:

Objective To optimize the measurement method of total α and total β radioactivity levels in water,evaluate the uncertainty of the measurement method,and analyze the measurement results of total α and total β radioactivity in water in Xiushan County of Chongqing City in 2024. Methods The entire process of total α and total β radioactivity measurement in water was analyzed to determine the source and magnitude of uncertainty. The measurement results of total α and total β radioactivity in water from Xiushan County of Chongqing City in 2024 were analyzed. Results The lower limit of detection were 0.014 Bq/L for total α and 0.011 Bq/L for total β,with relative standard deviations of 7.29% and 6.88%,and average recoveries were 68.78% and 94.95%,respectively. The total α radioactivity concentration in drinking water in Xiushan County was L-0.15 Bq/L. There was a statistically significant difference between hot spring water and the other three types of water(F=41.060,P<0.05),while there was no statistically significant difference between the other three types of water(F=2.302,P>0.05). The total β radioactivity concentration was 0.02-0.14 Bq/L. There was a statistically significant difference between hot spring water,tap water and mountain spring water(F=17.109,P<0.05),while there was a statistically significant difference between deep well water and tap water or mountain spring water(F=9.585,P<0.05). Conclusion This method is simple to operate,and its precision,sensitivity,and accuracy meet the requirements for measuring the total α and total β radioactivity activity concentrations in water. It is suitable for measuring the total α and total β radioactive activity concentrations in water. The uncertainty mainly comes from sample net counting rate,counting efficiency,recovery rate and repeatability. In 2024,the total α and total β radioactivity levels in water in Xiushan County were both lower than the guidline values recommended by the national standards for drinking water.

Key words: Total α radioactivity, Total β radioactivity, Uncertainty evaluation, Test and analysis

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