贵州大学生抑郁症状与应对方式的网络分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解贵州省大学生抑郁症核心症状及其与应对方式的关系，为高校大学生心理健康工作提供循证依据。方法 2023年5—6月，以贵州3所高校4 379名在校本科生为调查对象，使用患者健康问卷、简易应对方式问卷开展问卷调查，采用网络分析方法构建抑郁症状与应对方式的网络模型，计算偏相关系数及中心性指标来详细分析二者的关联。结果抑郁症状与应对方式之间存在较强的桥接节点，“睡眠困难”与“通过吸烟、喝酒、服药或吃东西来解除烦恼”“失败感”与“不要把问题看得太严重”存在最强关联，节点间连接边权重分别为0.068和-0.047。中心性指标显示，“尽量看到事物好的一面”和“失败感”是强度中心性最高的节点，均为1.15；“自己安慰自己”则是桥接强度最高的节点，为0.40；“向亲戚朋友或同学寻求建议”是中介中心性最高的节点，为126。结论失败感和乏力是贵州大学生的抑郁核心症状，并与应对方式之间存在作用路径，以中心性指标显著的节点作为靶点进行干预可能有利于缓解这一群体的抑郁症状。

关键词: 大学生, 抑郁症, 应对方式, 网络分析, 心理健康, 横断面研究

Abstract:

Objective To understand the core symptoms of depressive among college students in Guizhou Province and their relationship with coping styles，thereby providing evidence-based support for mental health interventions in universities. Methods From May to June 2023，4 379 undergraduate students from three universities in Guizhou were enrolled as survey subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the patient health questionnaire and the simplified coping style questionnaire. Network analysis was employed to construct a network model of depressive symptoms and coping styles，calculating partial correlation coefficients and centrality indices to analyze their associations in detail. Results Strong bridging nodes were identified between depressive symptoms and coping styles. The strongest connections were observed between "Sleep difficulties" and "Using smoking，drinking，medication，or eating to relieve troubles" and between "Feelings of failure" and "Not taking problems too seriously"，with edge weights of 0.068 and -0.047，respectively. Centrality indices indicated that "Looking on the bright side of things" and "Feelings of failure" were the nodes with the highest strength centrality（both 1.15）. "Self-consolation" had the highest bridging strength（0.40），while "Seeking advice from relatives，friends，or classmates" had the highest betweenness centrality（126）. Conclusion Feelings of failure and lack of energy are the core depressive symptoms among college students in Guizhou，and there are functional pathways connecting them with coping styles. Targeting nodes with significant centrality indices for intervention may help alleviate depressive symptoms in this population.

Key words: University students, Depression, Coping styles, Network analysis, Mental health, Cross-sectional studies

中图分类号:

R395.6

吴锦耀, 刘润华, 朱欣雨, 吴翠华, 李丹, 曹煜. 贵州大学生抑郁症状与应对方式的网络分析. [J]职业与健康, 2026, 42(17): 2412-2416.

WU Jinyao, LIU Runhua, ZHU Xinyu, WU Cuihua, LI Dan, CAO Yu. Network analysis of depressive symptoms and coping styles among college students in Guizhou Province. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2026, 42(17): 2412-2416.

图/表 5

参考文献 26

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编码	条目	得分（$\bar{x} \pm s$）	强度	桥接强度
P1	通过工作学习或其他一些活动解脱	1.75±1.15	0.58	0.06
P2	与人交谈，倾诉内心烦恼	1.89±1.28	0.76	0.03
P3	尽量看到事物好的一面	2.45±1.29	1.15	0.22
P4	改变自己的想法，重新发现生活中什么重要	2.27±1.25	1.12	0.10
P5	不把问题看得太严重	2.23±1.28	0.85	0.14
P6	坚持自己的立场，为自己得到的斗争	2.16±1.22	0.71	0.02
P7	找出几种不同解决问题的方法	1.99±1.18	0.99	0.08
P8	向亲戚朋友或同学寻求建议	2.01±1.33	1.09	0.22
P9	改变原来的一些做法或自己的一些问题	2.08±1.15	1.03	0.03
P10	借鉴他人处理类似困难情景的办法	2.26±1.22	1.01	0.08
P11	寻求业余爱好，积极参加文体活动	1.89±1.29	0.94	0.16
P12	尽量克制自己的失望、悔恨、悲伤和愤怒	2.36±1.28	0.82	0.11
N1	试图休息或休假，暂时把问题（烦恼）抛开	2.26±1.31	0.72	0.26
N2	通过吸烟、喝酒、服药和吃东西来解除烦恼	0.43±0.92	0.56	0.26
N3	认为时间会改变现状，唯一要做的便是等待	1.02±1.04	0.86	0.11
N4	试图忘记整个事情	1.05±1.09	0.97	0.20
N5	依靠别人解决问题	0.79±0.82	0.75	0.20
N6	接受现实，因为没有其他办法	1.32±1.18	0.86	0.17
N7	幻想可能会发生某种奇迹改变现状	1.16±1.15	0.91	0.25
N8	自己安慰自己	2.59±1.33	0.73	0.40
PHQ1	快感缺失	0.96±0.590	0.83	0.14
PHQ2	情绪低落	0.83±0.552	0.92	0.10
PHQ3	睡眠困难	0.87±0.750	0.71	0.09
PHQ4	乏力	0.94±0.606	1.03	0.10
PHQ5	食欲不振	0.65±0.680	0.75	0.09
PHQ6	失败感	0.73±0.675	1.15	0.30
PHQ7	注意力不集中	0.73±0.744	0.78	0.14
PHQ8	行为言语异常	0.37±0.591	0.74	0.07
PHQ9	自残或自杀倾向	0.16±0.419	0.74	0.23

编码	条目	得分（$\bar{x} \pm s$）	强度	桥接强度
P1	通过工作学习或其他一些活动解脱	1.75±1.15	0.58	0.06
P2	与人交谈，倾诉内心烦恼	1.89±1.28	0.76	0.03
P3	尽量看到事物好的一面	2.45±1.29	1.15	0.22
P4	改变自己的想法，重新发现生活中什么重要	2.27±1.25	1.12	0.10
P5	不把问题看得太严重	2.23±1.28	0.85	0.14
P6	坚持自己的立场，为自己得到的斗争	2.16±1.22	0.71	0.02
P7	找出几种不同解决问题的方法	1.99±1.18	0.99	0.08
P8	向亲戚朋友或同学寻求建议	2.01±1.33	1.09	0.22
P9	改变原来的一些做法或自己的一些问题	2.08±1.15	1.03	0.03
P10	借鉴他人处理类似困难情景的办法	2.26±1.22	1.01	0.08
P11	寻求业余爱好，积极参加文体活动	1.89±1.29	0.94	0.16
P12	尽量克制自己的失望、悔恨、悲伤和愤怒	2.36±1.28	0.82	0.11
N1	试图休息或休假，暂时把问题（烦恼）抛开	2.26±1.31	0.72	0.26
N2	通过吸烟、喝酒、服药和吃东西来解除烦恼	0.43±0.92	0.56	0.26
N3	认为时间会改变现状，唯一要做的便是等待	1.02±1.04	0.86	0.11
N4	试图忘记整个事情	1.05±1.09	0.97	0.20
N5	依靠别人解决问题	0.79±0.82	0.75	0.20
N6	接受现实，因为没有其他办法	1.32±1.18	0.86	0.17
N7	幻想可能会发生某种奇迹改变现状	1.16±1.15	0.91	0.25
N8	自己安慰自己	2.59±1.33	0.73	0.40
PHQ1	快感缺失	0.96±0.590	0.83	0.14
PHQ2	情绪低落	0.83±0.552	0.92	0.10
PHQ3	睡眠困难	0.87±0.750	0.71	0.09
PHQ4	乏力	0.94±0.606	1.03	0.10
PHQ5	食欲不振	0.65±0.680	0.75	0.09
PHQ6	失败感	0.73±0.675	1.15	0.30
PHQ7	注意力不集中	0.73±0.744	0.78	0.14
PHQ8	行为言语异常	0.37±0.591	0.74	0.07
PHQ9	自残或自杀倾向	0.16±0.419	0.74	0.23