职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (18): 2473-2478.

• 论著——职业卫生与职业相关疾病 • 上一篇    下一篇

四川省三级综合医院护士感知压力在工作场所心理暴力与职业倦怠间的中介效应

郑首琪1, 谭琳2, 钟晓莉2, 夏琳2, 韩影2, 何琳2()   

  1. 1 川北医学院护理学院四川 南充 637000
    2 德阳市人民医院四川 德阳 618000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-05 修回日期:2025-10-09 出版日期:2026-09-15 发布日期:2026-08-28
  • 通信作者: 何琳
  • 作者简介:何琳,E-mail:1785156202@qq.com
    郑首琪,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为临床护理。
  • 基金资助:
    四川医院管理和发展研究中心青年基金项目(SCYG2024-27);四川省基层卫生事业发展中心课题(SWFZ24-Q-87)

Mediating effect of perceived stress in the relationship between workplace psychological violence and occupational burnout among nurses in tertiary general hospitals in Sichuan Province

ZHENG Shouqi1, TAN Lin2, ZHONG Xiaoli2, XIA Lin2, HAN Ying2, HE Lin2()   

  1. 1 School of NursingNorth Sichuan Medical College,NanchongSichuan 637000, China
    2 Deyang Peope's HospitalDeyangSichuan 618000, China
  • Received:2025-08-05 Revised:2025-10-09 Online:2026-09-15 Published:2026-08-28
  • Contact: HE Lin

摘要:

目的 探究护士职业倦怠与工作场所心理暴力之间的关系,同时深入分析感知压力的中介效应,旨在为制定针对性干预措施、降低临床护理人员职业倦怠提供依据。方法 于2024年10月—2025年3月采用便利抽样方法,抽取四川省7所三级综合医院921名护士作为研究对象,采用一般人口学特征问卷、职业倦怠量表、工作场所心理暴力评估工具及压力感知程度量表进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 四川省三级综合医院护士职业倦怠、工作场所心理暴力、感知压力得分分别为(41.09±21.87)、(18.88±25.93)和(23.21±7.63)分。职业倦怠与工作场所心理暴力呈正相关(r=0.529,P<0.01),与感知压力呈正相关(r=0.749,P<0.01),工作场所心理暴力与感知压力呈正相关(r=0.424,P<0.01)。感知压力在工作场所心理暴力影响职业倦怠的过程中发挥部分中介作用,中介效应值为0.261,中介效应占比为49.90%。结论 四川省三级综合医院护士职业倦怠呈中等水平,感知压力在心理暴力与职业倦怠间起中介作用。护理管理者可通过减少工作场所心理暴力事件的发生,降低护士的感知压力水平,从而减轻护士的职业倦怠程度,提高护士工作满意度和心理健康水平,促进护理队伍的稳定性和可持续发展。

关键词: 护士, 工作场所心理暴力, 职业倦怠, 感知压力, 中介效应, 三级综合医院

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the relationship between nurses' occupational burnout and workplace psychological violence,and to explore the mediating role of perceived stress,aiming to provide evidence for developing targeted interventions to reduce occupational burnout among clinical nurses. Methods From October 2024 to March 2025,a convenience sampling method was used to select 921 nurses from seven tertiary general hospitals in Sichuan Province as the research subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted using general demographic characteristics questionnaire,the burnout inventory,workplace psychological violence assessment tools,and the perceived stress scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The mean scores for occupational burnout,workplace psychological violence,and perceived stress among nurses in tertiary general hospitals in Sichuan Province were (41.09±21.87),(18.88±25.93) and (23.21±7.63)points,respectively. Occupational burnout was positively correlated with workplace psychological violence and perceived stress(r=0.529,0.749,both P<0.01). Workplace psychological violence was positively correlated with perceived stress(r=0.424,P<0.01). Perceived stress partially mediated the relationship between workplace psychological violence and occupational burnout,with a mediation effect value of 0.261,accounting for 49.90% of the total effect. Conclusion The occupational burnout of nurses in tertiary general hospitals in Sichuan Province is at a moderate level,and perceived stress plays a mediating role between psychological violence and occupational burnout. Nursing administrators can reduce nurses' perceived stress by decreasing workplace psychological violence,thereby alleviating occupational burnout,enhancing job satisfaction and mental health,and promoting the stability and sustainable development of the nursing workforce.

Key words: Nurses, Workplace psychological violence, Job burnout, Perceived stress, Mediating effect, Tertiary general hospitals

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