职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (18): 2558-2562.

• 论著——文献分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国电子制造企业工人工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患发病状况及影响因素Meta分析

陈彬, 夏芯, 肖鸣云, 张敏()   

  1. 苏州高新区(虎丘区)疾病预防控制中心江苏 苏州 215011
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-11 修回日期:2026-10-21 出版日期:2026-09-15 发布日期:2026-08-28
  • 通信作者: 张敏
  • 作者简介:张敏,E-mail:zmsndcdc@126.com
    陈彬,男,主管医师,主要从事职业卫生工作。
  • 基金资助:
    苏州市卫生健康委员会科技项目(QNXM2024094)

Meta-analysis of the incidence and influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among workers in electronic manufacturing enterprises in China

CHEN Bin, XIA Xin, XIAO Mingyun, ZHANG Min()   

  1. Suzhou National New and Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone Center for Disease Control and PreventionSuzhouJiangsu 215011, China
  • Received:2025-07-11 Revised:2026-10-21 Online:2026-09-15 Published:2026-08-28
  • Contact: ZHANG Min

摘要:

目的 采用Meta分析方法探讨我国电子制造企业工人工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(work-related musculoskeletal disorders,WMSDs)的发生情况及影响因素,为该人群WMSDs的防治提供参考。方法 检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据、维普中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)、Pubmed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library等数据库中关于我国电子制造企业工人WMSDs发生情况的文献,检索时间从建库至2025年5月。根据纳入和排除标准筛选相关文献后,对纳入文献进行数据提取,采用Stata 12.0软件进行分析。结果 共纳入20篇文献,Meta分析结果显示,我国电子制造企业工人WMSDs患病率为44.6%(95%CI:40.7%~48.6%)。单部位WMSDs患病率为12.3%(95%CI:9.8%~14.8%),多部位WMSDs患病率为34.5%(95%CI:22.0%~47.1%)。各部位WMSDs患病率前3位依次是颈部29.8%、肩部25.2%和手部/腕部17.8%。长工龄(OR=1.79,95%CI:1.20~2.65)、长时间坐位工作(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.18~1.46)、长时间保持同一姿势(OR=1.96,95%CI:1.41~2.73)、长时间重复动作(OR=1.80, 95%CI:1.44~2.25)、休息时间充足(OR=0.58,95%CI:0.47~0.70)、轮流完成工作(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.50~0.98)是WMSDs发生的影响因素。结论 我国电子制造企业工人WMSDs发生率较高,且多部位WMSDs较单一部位更常见,长工龄、长时间坐位工作、长时间保持同一姿势、长时间重复动作是WMSDs发生的危险因素,休息时间充足、轮流完成工作是WMSDs发生的保护因素。

关键词: 电子制造企业, 肌肉骨骼疾患, 发生情况, 影响因素, Meta分析

Abstract:

Objective To explore the occurrence and influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) among workers in electronic manufacturing enterprises in China by using the Meta-analysis method,and provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of WMSDs in this population. Methods Literature on the occurrence of WMSDs among workers in electronic manufacturing enterprises in China was retrieved from databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Wanfang Data,Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP),Pubmed,Web of Science,and Cochrane Library. The retrieval period was from the establishment of the databases to May 2025. After screening the relevant literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the data of the included literature was extracted and analyzed using Stata 12.0 software. Results A total of 20 literatures were included. The Results of the Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of WMSDs among workers in electronic manufacturing enterprises in China was 44.6%(95%CI:40.7%-48.6%). The prevalence of single-site WMSDs was 12.3%(95%CI:9.8%-14.8%),and the prevalence of multi-site WMSDs was 34.5%(95%CI:22.0%-47.1%). The top three prevalence rates of WMSDs in each part of the body were as follows:neck 29.8%,shoulders 25.2%,and hands/wrists 17.8%. Long working years(OR=1.79,95%CI:1.20-2.65),long sitting hours(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.18-1.46),maintaining the same posture for a long time(OR=1.96,95%CI:1.41-2.73),prolonged repetitive actions(OR=1.80,95%CI:1.44-2.25),sufficient rest time (OR=0.58,95%CI:0.47-0.70),taking turns to complete work(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.50-0.98) were the influencing factors for the occurrence of WMSDs. Conclusion The incidence of WMSDs among workers in electronic manufacturing enterprises in China is relatively high,and multi-site WMSDs is more common than single-site WMSDs. Long working years,long-term sitting work,maintaining the same posture for a long time,and long-term repetitive actions are risk factors for the occurrence of WMSDs,while sufficient rest time and taking turns to complete work are protective factors for the occurrence of WMSDS.

Key words: Electronic manufacturing enterprises, Musculoskeletal disorders, Occurrence situation, Influencing factors, Meta-analysis

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