关键词: 布鲁菌病, 流行特征, 疾病负担, 综述, 人兽共患病, 研究进展

Abstract:

Brucellosis（abbreviated as brucellosis） is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Brucella bacteria. It is widely prevalent in the world，posing a serious threat to public health safety and animal health，and causing huge economic losses. It has the characteristics of diverse transmission routes，long incubation period and easy to develop into chronic disease. It not only seriously affects the quality of life and labor ability of patients，but also has a significant impact on animal husbandry production. Brucella can infect a variety of mammals，with sheep，cattle and pigs being common hosts，and Brucella melitensis is the most pathogenic. The transmission is mainly direct contact infection，but also through the digestive tract and respiratory tract. There are significant differences between animal hosts and human infected patients. Human infection is often accompanied by chills，sweating，fatigue，muscle and joint pain and other symptoms；When cattle，sheep and other animals are infected，the female animals suddenly miscarry in the middle and late pregnancy，give birth to dead fetus or weak cubs，and the male animals are infected with orchitis，epididymitis and other symptoms. Although it is difficult to assess the disease burden at present，it can still be found that the health burden，epidemiological burden and economic burden of brucellosis are heavy. This paper reviews the etiological characteristics，epidemiological status and disease burden of brucellosis，so as to provide reference for disease burden and prevention and control.

Key words: Brucellosis, Epidemiological characteristics, Disease burden, Review, Zoonosis, Research progress