职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (22): 3132-3137.

• 论著—学校卫生 • 上一篇    下一篇

大学生未来工作自我对生涯适应力的影响及职业探索、学习投入与职业使命感的作用

冉娟, 姬菁(), 何玥, 赵丹, 陈姗姗, 杜国辉   

  1. 陕西中医药大学公共卫生学院陕西 咸阳 712046
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-09 修回日期:2025-12-02 出版日期:2026-11-15 发布日期:2026-09-20
  • 通信作者: 姬菁,E-mail:362165754@qq.com
  • 作者简介:冉娟,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为心理健康教育。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部高等学校心理学类专业教学指导委员会教改项目(20231034);陕西省教育厅一般项目(20JK0108);陕西省体育局常规项目(20251407)

Influence of college students' future work self on career adaptability and the role of career exploration,learning investment and career mission

RAN Juan, JI Jing(), HE Yue, ZHAO Dan, CHEN Shanshan, DU Guohui   

  1. School of Public HealthShaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,XianyangShaanxi 712046, China
  • Received:2025-10-09 Revised:2025-12-02 Online:2026-11-15 Published:2026-09-20
  • Contact: JI Jing,E-mail:362165754@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解未来工作自我、生涯适应力、学习投入、职业探索和职业使命感间的关系,考察在未来工作自我对大学生生涯适应力的影响中,学习投入和职业探索的链式中介作用,以及职业使命感在链式中介中的调节作用。方法 2023年4—7月采用随机抽样法,对陕西省6所高校的在校大学生开展问卷调查。问卷包含未来工作自我清晰度量表、生涯适应力量表、职业探索量表、学习投入量表和职业使命感量表,并对数据进行分析。结果 陕西省1 008名大学生未来工作自我总分为(18.71±4.51)分,职业探索总分为(42.52±8.31)分,学习投入总分为(73.40±16.02)分,职业使命感总分为(40.57±6.73)分,生涯适应力总分为(90.47±11.83)分。大学生未来工作自我、职业探索、学习投入、职业使命感与生涯适应力之间两两相关(r=0.501、0.596、0.602、0.579,均P<0.01);职业探索和学习投入在未来工作自我对大学生生涯适应力影响中的独立中介效应和链式中介效应均显著(β=0.146、0.124、0.043,均P<0.01);职业使命感正向调节职业探索对学习投入的影响(β=0.083,P<0.01)。结论 未来工作自我显著正向预测生涯适应力;未来工作自我可分别通过职业探索与学习投入间接影响生涯适应力;未来工作自我可通过“职业探索-学习投入”的链式中介影响生涯适应力;在链式中介中职业使命感具有显著的调节作用。政府、学校和家庭可从“未来工作自我-职业探索-生涯适应力”角度采取积极措施,以更好地提高大学生的生涯适应力,促进社会进步与发展。

关键词: 生涯适应力, 未来工作自我, 学习投入, 职业探索, 职业使命感, 中介作用, 调节作用

Abstract:

Objective To understand the relationship between future work self,career adaptability,learning engagement,career exploration,and career mission sense,and to examine the chain mediated effect of learning engagement and career exploration,as well as the moderating role of career mission sense in the chain mediation of the impact of future work self on college students' career adaptability. Methods From April to July 2023,a random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among college students from six universities in Shaanxi Province. The questionnaire included future job self-clearness scale,career adaptation scale,career exploration scale,learning engagement scale,and career mission scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of the future work self of 1 008 college students in Shaanxi Province was (18.71±4.51)points,the total score of career exploration was (42.52±8.31)points,the total score of learning engagement was (73.40±16.02)points,the total score of career mission was (40.57±6.73)points,and the total score of career adaptability was (90.47±11.83)points.There were pairwise correlations between college students' future work self,career exploration,learning engagement,career mission and career adaptability(r=0.501,0.596,0.602,0.579,all P<0.01). The independent mediation effects and chain mediation effects of career exploration and learning engagement on the impact of future work self on college students' career adaptability were significant(β=0.146,0.124,0.043,all P<0.01). Career mission positively moderated the impact of career exploration on learning engagement(β=0.083,P<0.01). Conclusion Future work self has a significant positive predictive effect on career adaptability.The future work self can indirectly affect career adaptability through career exploration and learning engagement,and can also affect career adaptability through the chain mediation of "career exploration-learning engagement",in which career mission has a significant moderating effect. The government,schools,and families can take active measures from the dimensions of "future work self-career exploration-learning engagement-career adaptability" to better improve the career adaptability of college students and promote social progress and development

Key words: Career adaptability, Future work self, Learning engagement, Career exploration, Sense of career mission, Mediating effect, Moderating effect

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