护士工作重塑干预的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

工作重塑是个体通过主动调整工作任务、认知或人际关系，使工作内容与个人能力、价值观及职业目标更适配的行为过程。目前，国内护士的工作重塑普遍处于中等水平，尚未充分发挥其潜力。护士作为卫生部门内最大的职业群体，发掘与培养护士工作重塑行为，从个体层面看，不仅能够转变护士对职业的负面认知，激发工作热情，降低情绪耗竭，还能提升其职业成就感，促进职业生涯的良性发展。从团队层面看，工作重塑能够优化组织工作氛围，提升团队创新绩效，为护理队伍的稳定发展提供重要支持。本文针对国内外护士工作重塑的干预形式、核心内容及干预效果进行综述，分析现有干预研究的局限性，并对未来研究方向提出展望，旨在为今后制订科学、合理且针对性强的干预方案提供坚实的理论依据。

关键词: 护士, 工作重塑, 干预策略, 护理管理, 研究进展

Abstract:

The job reinvention is a process where individuals proactively adjust their tasks，cognition，or interpersonal relationships to better align their work with their abilities，values，and career goals. Currently，the job reinvention among Chinese nurses is at a moderate level and has not yet reached its full potential. As the largest occupational group in the health sector，nurses' job reinvention behavior deserves to be explored and cultivated. At the individual level，the job reinvention can transform nurses' negative perceptions of their profession，stimulate their work enthusiasm，reduce emotional exhaustion，enhance their sense of professional achievement，and promote positive career development. At the team level，it can optimize the organizational work atmosphere，improve team innovation performance，and provide crucial support for the stable development of the nursing team. This paper reviews the intervention forms，core content，and effects of job reinvention among nurses both domestically and internationally，analyzes the limitations of existing intervention studies，and proposes future research directions. It aims to provide a solid theoretical basis for developing scientific，rational，and targeted intervention programs in the future.

Key words: Nurses, Job reinvention, Intervention strategies, Nursing management, Advances in research

中图分类号:

R192.6

刘召莲, 包月, 卢月, 薛亚慧, 王丽静. 护士工作重塑干预的研究进展. [J]职业与健康, 2026, 42(5): 716-720.

LIU Zhaolian, BAO Yue, LU Yue, XUE Yahui, WANG Lijing. Advances in research on nurse job reinvention interventions. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2026, 42(5): 716-720.

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