职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 950-954.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

区域传染病监测预警能力评价指标体系构建

赵博兰1, 崔立周1, 左志平1, 刘珏2()   

  1. 1 保定市疾病预防控制中心河北 保定 071000
    2 北京大学北京 100191
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-03 修回日期:2025-07-28 出版日期:2026-04-01 发布日期:2026-05-14
  • 通信作者: 刘珏,E-mail:jueliu@bjmu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:赵博兰,女,副主任医师,主要从事传染病防制与监测预警工作。
  • 基金资助:
    河北医学科学研究课题计划(20242366)

Construction of an evaluation index system for regional infectious diseases surveillance and early warning capabilities

ZHAO Bolan1, CUI Lizhou1, ZUO Zhiping1, LIU Jue2()   

  1. 1 Baoding Center for Disease Control and PreventionBaodingHebei 071000, China
    2 Peking UniversityBeijing 100191, China
  • Received:2025-07-03 Revised:2025-07-28 Online:2026-04-01 Published:2026-05-14

摘要:

目的 构建区域传染病监测预警能力评价指标体系,为评估区域传染病监测预警能力提供参考路径。方法 2024年1—5月,通过查阅中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Web of Science 5个数据库获取文献资料、梳理监测预警法律法规及技术文件和小组讨论,初步搭建指标框架。2024年7—9月通过2轮德尔菲法专家咨询,采用专家咨询权数法和熵权法结合的方法,确定区域传染病监测预警能力三级评价指标及权重,通过专家积极系数、专家权威程度、专家意见协调程度、专家意见集中程度评估指标体系的科学性和合理性。结果 共15名专家参与本次研究,最终指标体系涵盖4个一级指标,16个二级指标,42个三级指标。4个一级指标的分支,归一化权重值排名第1的三级指标分别为监测预警制度建设(0.013 4)、传染病首诊报告率(0.016 2)、各类风险评估方法的实践情况(0.009 2)、阳性预测值(0.012 4)。2轮咨询中专家积极系数分别为100.00%和93.33%,专家权威程度系数均≥0.75,第2轮协调系数与第1轮持平或提升,且差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 本研究采用德尔菲法构建了区域传染病监测预警能力评价指标体系,可科学合理运用于区域传染病监测预警能力的系统评价,为有效提高传染病监测预警能力提供切实可行的参考路径。

关键词: 多点触发, 德尔菲法, 监测预警, 评价指标, 传染病监测

Abstract:

Objective To construct an evaluation index system for the monitoring and early warning capabilities of regional infectious diseases,providing a reference pathway for assessing the regional monitoring and early warning capabilities of infectious diseases. Methods From January to May in 2024,a preliminary indicator framework was initially established through literature retrieval from five databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang,VIP,PubMed,and Web of Science, sorting out laws,regulations,and technical documents related to monitoring and early warning,as well as group discussions. From July to September 2024,a two-round Delphi expert consultation was conducted. By combining the expert consultation weight method with the entropy weight method,the third-level evaluation indicators and their weights for regional infectious disease monitoring and early warning capabilities were determined. The scientific nature and rationality of the indicator system were assessed through the expert activity coefficient,expert authority,expert opinion coordination,and expert opinion concentration. Results A total of 15 experts participated in this study. The final indicator system covered four first-level indicators,sixteen second-level indicators,and forty-two third-level indicators. Among the four first-level indicators,the third-level indicators with the highest normalized weight values were respectively monitoring and early warning system construction(0.013 4),first-visit reporting rate of infectious diseases(0.016 2),implementation of various risk assessment methods(0.009 2),positive predictive value(0.012 4). The expert activity coefficients in the two rounds of inquiries were 100.00% and 93.33%,respectively,and the expert authority degree coefficients were all ≥0.75. The coordination coefficients in the second round were equal to or higher than those in the first round,and the differences were all statistically significant(all P<0.05). Conclusion This study uses the Delphi method to construct an evaluation index system for regional infectious disease surveillance and early warning capabilities,which can be scientifically and reasonably applied to the systematic assessment of such capabilities,providing a practical and feasible reference pathway for effectively enhancing the surveillance and early warning capabilities for infectious diseases.

Key words: Multi-point trigger, Delphi method, Surveillance and early warning, Evaluation indicators, Infectious disease monitoring

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