职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 1186-1193.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于生物信息学分析PM2.5对人支气管上皮BEAS-2B细胞基因表达的影响

哈志云1, 魏美娜1, 吴艳多1, 王波2,3, 马雪2,3, 徐海明2,3()   

  1. 1.宁夏回族自治区第五人民医院职业卫生检测中心,宁夏 石嘴山 753000
    2.宁夏环境因素与慢性病控制重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750004
    3.宁夏医科大学,宁夏 银川 750004
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-31 修回日期:2025-09-25 出版日期:2026-05-01 发布日期:2026-05-22
  • 通信作者: 徐海明,E-mail:xuhaiming1986@nxmu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:哈志云,男,公共卫生主治医师,主要从事职业卫生与职业医学研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏自然科学基金优秀青年项目(2022AAC05027)

Analysis of the effects of PM2.5 on gene expression in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells based on bioinformatics

HA Zhiyun1, WEI Meina1, WU Yanduo1, WANG Bo2,3, MA Xue2,3, XU Haiming2,3()   

  1. 1. Occupational Health Testing Center,The Fifth People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Shizuishan,Ningxia 753000,China
    2. Ningxia Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750004,China
    3. Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750004,China
  • Received:2025-08-31 Revised:2025-09-25 Online:2026-05-01 Published:2026-05-22
  • Contact: XU Haiming,E-mail:xuhaiming1986@nxmu.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 利用生物信息学方法分析细颗粒物(particulate matter 2.5,PM2.5)对人支气管上皮BEAS-2B细胞基因表达的影响,筛选出差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes,DEGs),为PM2.5所致呼吸系统损伤及机制提供参考依据。方法 从美国国家生物技术信息中心(the National Center for Biotechnology Information,NCBI)的基因表达综合数据库(gene expession omnibus,GEO)中检索PM2.5暴露BEAS-2B细胞相关的数据集(GSE158954),采用R语言对基因表达数据矩阵进行DEGs的筛选、基因本体论(gene ontology,GO)功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)信号通路分析,同时采用STRING数据库和Cytoscape 3.8.0软件构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络,MCODE插件筛选关键基因,使用NCBI Gene数据库对DEGs进行相对表达水平分析。结果 GSE158954数据集中,包含6个样本,其中GSM4816385~GSM4816387为对照组,GSM4816388~GSM4816390为PM2.5 暴露组。分析结果表明,DEGs共235个(矫正后P<0.05及|log2FC|≥1),其中上调基因121个,下调基因114个。GO分析结果表明,DEGs显著富集于多个生物学过程、细胞组分及分子功能模块。生物学过程方面,主要涉及巨噬细胞以及中性粒细胞的趋化性等过程,提示其在免疫细胞迁移调控中发挥潜在作用;细胞组分层面,集中定位于细胞膜、细胞质以及胞质溶胶区域,提示 DEGs 可能参与这些亚细胞结构相关的生理活动;分子功能模块显示,DEGs主要发挥蛋白质结合功能,这与其参与众多细胞内信号转导通路及分子间相互作用紧密相关。KEGG分析结果显示,除病毒相关信号通道外,DEGs主要参与PI3K-Akt等信号通路,进一步筛选得到27个关键基因,分别为PTGS2CXCL8CCL2IL1BTNFSF10IL1AJUNIL-6TLR3TRIM21USP18IFIT5MX1EGFRCASP1STAT2GBP1SAMD9LOAS2PARP9RTP4IFI35MX2TRIM22UBE2L6SP110CMPK2。多数DEGs相对表达水平在肺组织中较高。结论 本研究揭示PM2.5通过调控PTGS2以及CXCL8等27个关键基因影响PI3K-Akt等信号通路,可能介导呼吸道炎症反应及免疫调节失衡。这些发现为PM2.5致呼吸损伤机制提供了新见解。

关键词: 细颗粒物, 人支气管上皮细胞, 生物信息学, 差异表达基因, 磷脂酰肌醇3激酶-蛋白激酶B信号通路, 炎症反应, 免疫调节

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the effect of particulate matter 2.5(PM2.5) on gene expression in human bronchial epithelial cells(BEAS-2B) using bioinformatics methods,screen differentially expressed genes(DEGs),in order to provide reference for respiratory system injury and mechanism caused by PM2.5. Methods A dataset related to BEAS-2B cells exposed to PM2.5(GSE158954) was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI) in the United States. The R language was used to screen the gene expression data matrix by DEGs,enrich the Gene Ontology(GO) function and analyze the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) signal pathway. At the same time,the protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was constructed by using STRING database and Cytoscape3.8.0 software,the key hub genes were screened by MCODE plugin,and relative expression levels of DEGs were analyzed using the NCBI Gene database. Results The GSE158954 dataset included 6 samples:three controls(GSM4816385,GSM4816386,GSM4816387) and three PM2.5-exposed BEAS-2B cell samples(GSM4816388,GSM4816389,GSM4816390). The analysis results showed that a total of 235 DEGs were detected(P<0.05 and |log2fc|≥1 after correction). Among them,there were 121 up-regulated genes and 114 down-regulated genes. GO analysis results showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in multiple biological processes,cell components and molecular function modules. In terms of biological processes(BP),they mainly involved processes such as chemotaxis of macrophages(AMs) and neutrophils,suggesting that they played a potential role in regulating immune cell migration;at the cell component(CC) level,they were concentrated in the plasma membrane,cytoplasm and cytosol regions,suggesting that DEGs might be involved in physiological activities related to these subcellular structures;the molecular function(MF) module showed that DEGs mainly played a protein binding function,which was closely related to their participation in many intracellular signal transduction pathways and molecular interactions. The KEGG analysis results showed that,in addition to virus related signaling channels,DEGs mainly participate in PI3K-Akt and other signaling pathways. Further screening identified 27 key genes,including PTGS2CXCL8CCL2IL1BTNFSF10IL1AJUNIL-6TLR3TRIM21USP18IFIT5MX1EGFRCASP1STAT2GBP1SAMD9LOAS2PARP9RTP4IFI35MX2TRIM22UBE2L6SP110,and CMPK2. Most DEGs had relatively high expression levels in lung tissue. Conclusion This study reveals that PM2.5 may mediate respiratory inflammatory responses and immune dysregulation by modulating 27 key genes(such as PTGS2 and CXCL8) and affecting signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of PM2.5-induced respiratory injury.

Key words: Particulate matter 2.5, BEAS-2B cells, Bioinformatics, Differentially expressed genes, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Inflammatory response, Immune regulation

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