四川省6所三级甲等医院规范化培训护士职业认同现状及影响因素分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解四川省三级甲等医院规范化培训护士职业认同、组织承诺和社会支持现状，分析职业认同的影响因素，为提升规范化培训护士职业认同水平提供理论依据。方法采用方便抽样法，于2024年8—10月选取四川省6所三级甲等医院632名规范化培训护士为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、职业认同量表、组织承诺量表及社会支持量表进行调查。采用单因素分析、相关性分析及多元分层回归分析对护士职业认同进行分析。结果四川省三级甲等医院规范化培训护士职业认同得分为（109.40±15.97）分，组织承诺得分为（47.36±7.72）分，社会支持得分为（67.27±10.81）分。不同学历、选择护理专业的原因、性格特征、规培年级、规培前是否有工作经验、工作满意度、工作氛围满意度及是否打算一直从事护理专业的规范化培训护士职业认同得分比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。三级甲等医院规范化培训护士职业认同与组织承诺得分均呈正相关（r=0.656~0.833，均P<0.05），与社会支持得分均呈正相关（r=0.583~0.741，均P<0.05）；组织承诺与社会支持得分均呈正相关（r=0.575~0.695，均P<0.05）。选择护理专业原因、工作满意度、工作氛围满意度、是否打算一直从事护理工作、组织承诺和社会支持均是规范化培训护士职业认同的主要影响因素，其中组织承诺和社会支持对规范化培训护士职业认同具有预测作用（P<0.05）。结论四川省规范化培训护士职业认同处于中等水平，有待进一步提升。组织承诺和社会支持与护士职业认同显著相关，是其重要保护因素。提升护士组织承诺和社会支持，能有效提高规范化培训护士职业认同水平。

关键词: 规范化培训护士, 职业认同, 组织承诺, 社会支持, 影响因素

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status quo of professional identity，organizational commitment and social support of standardized training nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province，analyze the influencing factors of professional identity，and provide a theoretical basis for improving the professional identity level of standardized training nurses. Methods From August to October 2024，632 standardized training nurses from six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province were selected as the research objects by the convenient sampling method. The general information questionnaire，professional identity scale，organizational commitment scale and social support scale were used for investigation. The univariate analysis，correlation analysis and multivariate hierarchical regression analysis were used to analyze the professional identity of nurses. Results The professional identity score of standardized training nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province was （109.40±15.97）points， the score of organizational commitment was （47.36±7.72）points，and the score of social support was （67.27±10.81）points. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of professional identity among nurses with different educational backgrounds，reasons for choosing nursing profession，personality characteristics，grade of standardized training，whether they had work experience before standardized training，job satisfaction，work atmosphere satisfaction，and whether they planned to be engaged in nursing profession（all P<0.05）. The professional identity score of standardized training nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals was positively correlated with organizational commitment score（r=0.656-0.833，all P<0.05） and social support score（r=0.583-0.741，all P<0.05）. The organizational commitment score was positively correlated with social support score（r=0.575-0.695，all P<0.05）. The main influencing factors of professional identity in standardized training nurses were the reasons for choosing nursing profession，job satisfaction，job atmosphere satisfaction，whether they intend to engage in nursing work，organizational commitment and social support. Among them，organizational commitment and social support had predictive effects on standardized training nurses' professional identity. Conclusions The professional identity of standardized training nurses in Sichuan Province is at a medium level and needs to be further improved. The organizational commitment and social support are significantly related to nurses' professional identity and are important protective factors. Improving nurses' organizational commitment and social support can effectively improve the professional identity level of standardized training nurses.

Key words: Standardized training nurses, Professional identity, Organizational commitment, Social support, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R192.6

胡月. 四川省6所三级甲等医院规范化培训护士职业认同现状及影响因素分析. [J]职业与健康, 2026, 42(9): 1213-1219.

HU Yue. Analysis on status and influencing factors of professional identity among standardized training nurses in six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2026, 42(9): 1213-1219.

图/表 5

参考文献 27

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项目	条目数	得分范围	平均得分（$\bar{x}\pm s$）	得分率（%）
职业认同	30	58~145	109.40±15.97
职业认知评价	9	16~40	28.83±5.24	64.07
职业社会支持	6	12~30	23.24±3.37	77.47
职业社交技能	6	11~30	22.31±3.61	74.37
职业挫折应对	6	11~30	23.54±3.63	78.47
职业自我反应	3	6~15	11.78±1.82	78.53
组织承诺	12	18~60	47.36±7.72
价值承诺	4	5~20	15.76±2.79	78.80
努力承诺	4	7~20	16.09±2.46	80.45
留职承诺	4	4~20	15.51±2.89	77.55
社会支持	12	24~84	67.27±10.81
家庭支持	4	4~28	22.32±3.99	79.71
朋友支持	4	4~28	22.67±3.67	80.96
其他支持	4	7~28	22.28±3.73	79.57

项目	条目数	得分范围	平均得分（$\bar{x}\pm s$）	得分率（%）
职业认同	30	58~145	109.40±15.97
职业认知评价	9	16~40	28.83±5.24	64.07
职业社会支持	6	12~30	23.24±3.37	77.47
职业社交技能	6	11~30	22.31±3.61	74.37
职业挫折应对	6	11~30	23.54±3.63	78.47
职业自我反应	3	6~15	11.78±1.82	78.53
组织承诺	12	18~60	47.36±7.72
价值承诺	4	5~20	15.76±2.79	78.80
努力承诺	4	7~20	16.09±2.46	80.45
留职承诺	4	4~20	15.51±2.89	77.55
社会支持	12	24~84	67.27±10.81
家庭支持	4	4~28	22.32±3.99	79.71
朋友支持	4	4~28	22.67±3.67	80.96
其他支持	4	7~28	22.28±3.73	79.57

项目	职业认知评价	职业社会支持	职业社交技能	职业挫折应对	职业自我反应	职业认同总分	价值承诺	努力承诺	留职承诺	组织承诺总分	家庭支持	朋友支持	其他支持	社会支持总分
职业认知评价	1.000
职业社会支持	0.729^a	1.000
职业社交技能	0.778^a	0.753^a	1.000
职业挫折应对	0.757^a	0.790^a	0.817^a	1.000
职业自我反应	0.678^a	0.759^a	0.747^a	0.872^a	1.000
职业认同总分	0.907^a	0.887^a	0.911^a	0.927^a	0.864^a	1.000
价值承诺	0.702^a	0.700^a	0.677^a	0.764^a	0.746^a	0.790^a	1.000
努力承诺	0.656^a	0.721^a	0.675^a	0.826^a	0.804^a	0.799^a	0.834^a	1.000
留职承诺	0.727^a	0.686^a	0.668^a	0.739^a	0.704^a	0.783^a	0.897^a	0.805^a	1.000
组织承诺总分	0.735^a	0.740^a	0.710^a	0.816^a	0.789^a	0.833^a	0.964^a	0.922^a	0.955^a	1.000
家庭支持	0.606^a	0.584^a	0.650^a	0.633^a	0.583^a	0.679^a	0.575^a	0.626^a	0.586^a	0.627^a	1.000
朋友支持	0.592^a	0.644^a	0.643^a	0.654^a	0.627^a	0.696^a	0.607^a	0.673^a	0.602^a	0.659^a	0.854^a	1.000
其他支持	0.659^a	0.665^a	0.667^a	0.682^a	0.654^a	0.727^a	0.653^a	0.672^a	0.652^a	0.695^a	0.842^a	0.860^a	1.000
社会支持总分	0.652^a	0.663^a	0.688^a	0.691^a	0.654^a	0.741^a	0.644^a	0.691^a	0.645^a	0.695^a	0.949^a	0.951^a	0.948^a	1.000

项目	职业认知评价	职业社会支持	职业社交技能	职业挫折应对	职业自我反应	职业认同总分	价值承诺	努力承诺	留职承诺	组织承诺总分	家庭支持	朋友支持	其他支持	社会支持总分
职业认知评价	1.000
职业社会支持	0.729^a	1.000
职业社交技能	0.778^a	0.753^a	1.000
职业挫折应对	0.757^a	0.790^a	0.817^a	1.000
职业自我反应	0.678^a	0.759^a	0.747^a	0.872^a	1.000
职业认同总分	0.907^a	0.887^a	0.911^a	0.927^a	0.864^a	1.000
价值承诺	0.702^a	0.700^a	0.677^a	0.764^a	0.746^a	0.790^a	1.000
努力承诺	0.656^a	0.721^a	0.675^a	0.826^a	0.804^a	0.799^a	0.834^a	1.000
留职承诺	0.727^a	0.686^a	0.668^a	0.739^a	0.704^a	0.783^a	0.897^a	0.805^a	1.000
组织承诺总分	0.735^a	0.740^a	0.710^a	0.816^a	0.789^a	0.833^a	0.964^a	0.922^a	0.955^a	1.000
家庭支持	0.606^a	0.584^a	0.650^a	0.633^a	0.583^a	0.679^a	0.575^a	0.626^a	0.586^a	0.627^a	1.000
朋友支持	0.592^a	0.644^a	0.643^a	0.654^a	0.627^a	0.696^a	0.607^a	0.673^a	0.602^a	0.659^a	0.854^a	1.000
其他支持	0.659^a	0.665^a	0.667^a	0.682^a	0.654^a	0.727^a	0.653^a	0.672^a	0.652^a	0.695^a	0.842^a	0.860^a	1.000
社会支持总分	0.652^a	0.663^a	0.688^a	0.691^a	0.654^a	0.741^a	0.644^a	0.691^a	0.645^a	0.695^a	0.949^a	0.951^a	0.948^a	1.000

项目	赋值方式
最高学历	1=本科；2=大专
选择护理专业的原因	1=实现个人价值；2=被调剂；3=好就业； 4=受高考分数限制
性格特征	1=外向；2=内向；3=内外兼备
规培年级	1=一年级；2=二年级
规培前是否有工作经验	1=是；2=否
工作满意度	1=一般；2=满意；3=非常满意
工作氛围满意度	1=一般；2=满意；3=非常满意
是否打算一直从事护理专业	1=不会；2=可能会；3=很可能会；4=一定会
价值承诺	原值代入
努力承诺	原值代入
留职承诺	原值代入
家庭支持	原值代入
朋友支持	原值代入
其他支持	原值代入