肿瘤手术室护士职业倦怠来源调查及应对分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查肿瘤手术室护士职业倦怠来源,为减轻职业倦怠提出相应对策。方法使用便利抽样法,于2023年1—3月选取哈尔滨医科大学附属肿瘤医院72名肿瘤手术室护士为调查对象,使用一般资料调查问卷、职业倦怠量表（Maslach burnout inventory,MBI）、中国护士工作压力源量表对其进行调查,并探讨应对方法。结果 72名肿瘤手术室护士情感衰竭感平均得分为（21.95±5.82）分,对工作冷漠感平均得分为（5.95±1.82）分,个人无成就感平均得分为（37.98±9.16）分。有56.94%（41/72）在情感衰竭感维度处于较高职业倦怠水平,≥19分;有40.28%（29/72）在对工作冷漠感维度处于较高职业倦怠水平,≥6分;有59.72%（43/72）在个人无成就感维度处于较高职业倦怠水平,≤39分。不同年龄段、不同手术室工作年限、不同日均有效护理时长的手术室护士职业倦怠得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。72名肿瘤手术室护士主要工作压力源为“担心工作中出现差错事故”,次要工作压力源为“护理工作的社会地位太低”“工资及其他的福利待遇低”。肿瘤手术室护士职业倦怠与护士的工作年限、日均有效护理时长、工作压力源均呈正相关（均P<0.05）。多重线性回归分析发现,年龄、日均有效护理时长、工作压力源“护理工作的社会地位太低”、工作压力源“工资及其他的福利待遇低”、工作压力源“担心工作中出现差错事故”可以预测肿瘤手术室护士职业倦怠。结论肿瘤手术室护士职业倦怠整体处于较高水平,其中以年龄≥35岁或工作量较高护士为主,应关注肿瘤手术室护士主要、次要工作压力源,调整管理方法,加强心理建设。

关键词: 肿瘤手术室, 护士, 职业倦怠, 工作压力源, 相关性分析

Abstract: Objective To investigate the sources of job burnout among nurses in tumor operating room,and propose corresponding strategies to alleviate job burnout. Methods A total of 72 nurses in tumor operating rooms from Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital were selected by convenience sampling method from January to March 2023 as survey subjects. General information survey questionnaires,Maslach burnout inventory（MBI） and the Chinese nurse work stressors scale were used to investigate,and the coping methods were explored. Results The average scores of emotional exhaustion sense,indifference sense to work and personal non-achievement sense of 72 nurses in tumor operating rooms were （21.95±5.82）,（5.95±1.82） and （37.98±9.16）points,respectively. 56.94%（41/72） of nurses had a high level of job burnout in the dimension of emotional exhaustion,with a score of ≥19 points. 40.28%（29/72） of nurses had a high level of job burnout in the dimension of job indifference,with a score of ≥6 points. 59.72%（43/72） of nurses had a high level of job burnout in the dimension of personal non-accomplishment sense,with a score of ≤39 points. There were statistically significant differences in job burnout among operating room nurses with different age groups,working years in operating room and daily average effective nursing time（all P<0.05）. The main source of work stress for 72 nurses in tumor operating rooms was worrying about errors and accidents at work,and the secondary sources of work stress were low social status from nursing work and low salary and other welfare. The job burnout of nurses in tumor operating rooms was positively correlated with working years,daily average effective nursing time and work stressors（all P<0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,daily average effective nursing time and work stressors（low social status from nursing work,low salary and other benefits,worrying about errors and accidents in work） could be applied to predict job burnout of nurses in tumor operating room. Conclusion The level of job burnout among nurses in tumor operating rooms is relatively high,especially in those with age ≥35 years and heavy workload. It is necessary to pay attention to the main and secondary work stressors,adjust management methods and strengthen psychological construction for nurses in tumor operating room.

Key words: Tumor operating room, Nurses, Job burnout, Work stressor, Correlation analysis

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

刘晓丹, 李蠡, 高歌, 王守艳. 肿瘤手术室护士职业倦怠来源调查及应对分析. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(19): 2593-2597.

LIU Xiaodan, LI Li, GAO Ge, WANG Shouyan. Sources investigation and coping analysis of job burnout among nurses in tumor operating rooms. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(19): 2593-2597.

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