咸阳市健康检查人群血脂异常分布及影响因素分析

职业与健康 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (20): 2784-2789.

咸阳市健康检查人群血脂异常分布及影响因素分析

张晨¹, 李萌², 骆善彩³, 水明明¹, 杨琼¹

1.咸阳市中心医院健康管理中心,陕西咸阳 712000;
2.西安市中医医院眼科,陕西咸阳 710000;
3.淮安市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生科,江苏淮安 223001

收稿日期:2024-02-23 修回日期:2024-02-27 出版日期:2024-10-15 发布日期:2026-03-17
通信作者: 杨琼,主任护师,E-mail：yangqiong200088@126.com
作者简介:张晨,女,副主任护师,主要从事临床护理与慢性病健康管理工作。
基金资助:
中国科学院STS计划重点项目（KFJ-STS-ZDTP-033）; 咸阳市重点研发计划项目（L2022ZDYFSF021）

Analysis on distribution and influencing factors of blood lipid abnormalities among health examination population in Xianyang

ZHANG Chen¹, LI Meng², LUO Shancai³, SHUI Mingming¹, YANG Qiong¹

1. Department of Health Management Center,Xianyang Central Hospital,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712000,China;
2. Department of Ophthalmology,Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xianyang,Shaanxi 710000,China;
3. Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,Huai'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Huai'an,Jiangsu 223001,China

Received:2024-02-23 Revised:2024-02-27 Online:2024-10-15 Published:2026-03-17
Contact: YANG Qiong,Chief nurse,E-mail：yangqiong200088@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解咸阳市健康检查人群血脂异常分布情况及影响因素,为疾病的防治和护理提供依据。方法采用整群抽样法,收集2023年1—6月在咸阳市中心医院健康管理中心4 899名健康检查人员的检查数据进行统计分析。结果依据血脂异常诊断标准,检出血脂异常2 252人,总检出率为45.98%,其中男性3 720人,血脂异常1 849人,检出率为49.70%,女性1 179人,血脂异常患者403人,检出率为34.18%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,40~<50和50~<60岁年龄段、超重或肥胖、高尿酸血症是血脂异常发生的独立危险因素;女性、偏瘦是血脂异常的保护因素。结论咸阳市健康检查人群的血脂异常总检出率处于较高水平。建议对血脂异常人群积极推行精准预防和护理干预,推行全生命周期的健康护理理念,预防以动脉硬化为主的心脑血管疾病。

关键词: 健康检查人群, 血脂异常, 分布情况, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the distribution and influencing factors of blood lipid abnormalities in the health examination population in Xianyang City,and provide a basis for the prevention,treatment,and nursing of disease. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to collect and analyze the examination data of 4 899 health check-up personnel at the Health Management Center of Xianyang Central Hospital from January to June 2023. Results According to the diagnostic criteria for dyslipidemia,2 252 patients with dyslipidemia were detected,with a total detection rate of 45.98%. Among them,there were 3 720 males and 1 849 individuals with dyslipidemia,with a detection rate of 49.70%.Among them,there were 1 179 females and 403 individuals with dyslipidemia,with a detection rate of 34.18%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age groups of 40-<50 and 50-<60 years old,overweight or obesity,hyperuricemia were independent risk factors for the occurrence of dyslipidemia. Female and thinness were protective factors for dyslipidemia. Conclusion The overall detection rate of blood lipid abnormalities in the population undergoing health examinations in Xianyang City is at a relatively high level. It is recommended to actively promote precise prevention and nursing interventions for people with dyslipidemia,promote the concept of full life cycle health care,and prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases mainly caused by arteriosclerosis.

Key words: Health examination population, Abnormal blood lipids, Distribution situation, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺7

张晨, 李萌, 骆善彩, 水明明, 杨琼. 咸阳市健康检查人群血脂异常分布及影响因素分析. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(20): 2784-2789.

ZHANG Chen, LI Meng, LUO Shancai, SHUI Mingming, YANG Qiong. Analysis on distribution and influencing factors of blood lipid abnormalities among health examination population in Xianyang. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(20): 2784-2789.

参考文献

[1] ZHANG M,PENG K,ZHANG X,et al.Geographic variations in the prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control of dyslipidemia among Chinese adults in 2018-2019:A cross-sectional study[J].Biomed Environ Sci,2023,36(4):313-323.
[2] 王增武,刘静,李建军,等.中国血脂管理指南(2023年)[J].中国循环杂志,2023,38(3):237-271.
[3] 中华医学会心血管病学分会高血压学组,中华心血管病杂志编辑委员会.中国高血压患者血压血脂综合管理的专家共识[J].中华心血管病杂志,2021,49(6):554-563.
[4] 李敏,祁志刚,顾云娟,等.糖尿病家族史和血脂异常对糖尿病患病风险的交互作用[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2021,25(3):300-305.
[5] 中共中央,国务院.健康中国2030规划纲要[J].中华眼科杂志,2018,54(1):11-22.
[6] 诸骏仁,高润霖,赵水平,等.中国成人血脂异常防治指南(2016年修订版)[J].中国循环杂志,2016,16(10):15-35.
[7] 中国高血压防治指南修订委员会,高血压联盟(中国),中华医学会心血管病学分会,等.中国高血压防治指南(2018年修订版)[J].中国心血管杂志,2019,24(1):24-56.
[8] 中华医学会内分泌学分会.中国高尿酸血症与痛风诊疗指南(2019)[J].中华内分泌代谢杂志,2020,36(1):1-13.
[9] 中国营养学会肥胖防控分会,中国营养学会临床营养分会,中华预防医学会行为健康分会,等.中国居民肥胖防治专家共识[J].中华流行病学杂志,2022,43(5):609-626.
[10] 刘开翔,冯杰,赵玉章,等.南充市顺庆区成人血脂异常的影响因素分析[J].四川大学学报(医学版),2020,51(1):59-64.
[11] 徐伟,邢秀雅,贺琴,等.安徽省2015年成年人血脂异常流行现状及相关因素研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2020,41(2):195-200.
[12] 周仲芳,黄素琼,王小红,等.泸州地区体检在职人群血脂异常流行情况及危险因素分析[J].现代预防医学,2021,48(21):3990-3995.
[13] 雷少华,刘丽秀,骆善彩,等.咸阳市秦都区事业单位职工血脂异常流行特征及影响因素[J].职业与健康,2019,35(22):3106-3111,3116.
[14] 杨虎,曹承松,解少煜,等.低碳水化合物饮食与血脂异常关系的横断面研究[J].营养学报,2022,44(5):442-448.
[15] 陶寄,盛敏阳,许云峰,等.海宁市居民血脂异常的影响因素分析[J].预防医学,2022,34(8):821-825.
[16] 叶梅,韩晓燕.北京市朝阳区高血压患者合并血脂异常现状及影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2022,38(2):130-134,144.
[17] 国家卫健委.中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2020年)[J].营养学报,2020, 42(6):521.
[18] 朱秋艳,张永德,白媛,等.云南省布朗族成年居民血脂异常现状及影响因素分析[J].现代预防医学,2021,48(11):2070-2074.
[19] 邵英,许晓君,许燕君等.广东省2018年≥18岁人群血脂异常流行特征及相关因素分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2022,30(11):825-830.
[20] 温元元,薛俊莉,刘伯言,等.氢分子增强高密度脂蛋白介导的胆固醇排出功能:从动物实验到临床试验[J].中国动脉硬化杂志,2022, 30(11):996-1000.
[21] 朱泽阳,黄维,王旭颖,等.甘油三酯/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值与缺血性脑卒中患者颈动脉斑块不稳定性的相关性[J].中国动脉硬化杂志,2022,30(1):65-70.
[22] 李旭阳,杨爽,郭子墨,等.富含甘油三酯的脂蛋白中的胆固醇对心血管疾病及全因死亡的影响[J].中国循环杂志,2022,37(9):920-927.
[23] 高艳敏,王光明,杨文礼,等.高强度间歇训练和有氧运动对肥胖青年脂代谢及慢性炎症的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2017,36(7):628-632,650.
[24] 王京京,梁英,苏云娟,等.甘油三酯与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值对围绝经期瘦型非酒精性脂肪性肝病的预测价值[J].中国临床医生杂志,2021,49(6):693-697.
[25] 潘姚佳,王为强,易伟卓,等.不同性别中年肥胖居民三酰甘油葡萄糖乘积指数与心血管疾病高危风险的关系研究[J].中国全科医学,2023,26(29):3628-3635.
[26] YOUSRI N A,SUHRE K,YASSIN E,et al.Metabolic and Metabo-Clinical Signatures of Type 2 Diabetes,Obesity,Retinopathy,and Dyslipidemia[J].DIABETES,2022,71(2):184-205.
[27] 郭奕瑞,张莉.血脂异常与非酒精性脂肪肝发病关系前瞻性队列研究[J].中国公共卫生,2021,37(1):141-144.
[28] 尚少梅,王翠,侯罗娅.全生命周期健康概念演变及应用[J].中国实用护理杂志,2021,37(25):1921-1925.
[29] MANGIONE C M,BARRY M J.Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without cardiovascular disease risk factors:US preventive services task force recommendation statement[J].JAMA,2022,328(4):367-374.
[30] LEVIN M G,RADER D J.Polygenic risk scores for dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease:Progress toward clinical implementation[J].Best Practres Cl En,2023,37(3):101702.