军事作业中热习服训练及相关耐热策略的研究进展

职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (18): 2588-2592.

• 综述 • 上一篇

军事作业中热习服训练及相关耐热策略的研究进展

鞠晓北^1a, 王长海^1a, 屠志浩^1a, 曲丹^1a, 张兵², 宋明芳^1b

1.海军青岛特勤疗养中心a疗养二区航海生理训练科,b疗养二区机关,山东青岛 266071;
2.92330部队医院理疗科,山东青岛 266102

收稿日期:2023-06-28 修回日期:2023-08-08 出版日期:2023-09-15 发布日期:2026-03-25
通信作者: 宋明芳,副主任技师,E-mail：beimuzaizai@126.com
作者简介:鞠晓北,男,主治医师,主要从事航海生理训练工作。
基金资助:
2021年度军队后勤科研计划项目（保健专项）（21BJZ05）

Research progress of heat acclimation training and related heat-resistant strategies in military operations

JU Xiaobei^1a, WANG Changhai^1a, TU Zhihao^1a, QU Dan^1a, ZHANG Bing², SONG Mingfang^1b

1. a Department of Navigation Physiological Training in District Two,b Administration Office in District Two,Qingdao Special Servicemen Recuperation Center of PLA Navy,Qingdao Shandong 266071,China;
2. Department of Physiotherapy 92330 Military Hospital,Qingdao Shandong 266102,China

Received:2023-06-28 Revised:2023-08-08 Online:2023-09-15 Published:2026-03-25
Contact: SONG Mingfang,Deputy chief technician,E-mail：beimuzaizai@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 热习服可使机体产生一系列的生理、心理变化,提高对热环境的适应性。本文综述了现有热习服训练模式的分类及优缺点、训练效果的评价标准、脱习服及再习服相关问题、提高热习服效果的相关耐热策略。在未来的军事作业中,应重点从耐热设备的研发、减少热环境暴露、耐热标志物筛查等方向进行研究。

关键词: 热习服训练, 耐热策略, 军事作业

Abstract: Heat acclima（tiza）tion can produce a series of physiological and psychological changes in the body and improve the adaptability to the thermal environment.This article reviews the classification,advantages and disadvantages,evaluation criteria,deacclimation and re-acclimation issues and related strategies to improve the heat acclimation effect.In the future,research in military operations should focus on the strategy of developing heat-resistant equipment,reducing thermal environment exposure,and screening heat-resistant markers.

Key words: Heat acclimation training, Heat-resistant strategy, Military operations

中图分类号:

鞠晓北, 王长海, 屠志浩, 曲丹, 张兵, 宋明芳. 军事作业中热习服训练及相关耐热策略的研究进展. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(18): 2588-2592.

JU Xiaobei, WANG Changhai, TU Zhihao, QU Dan, ZHANG Bing, SONG Mingfang. Research progress of heat acclimation training and related heat-resistant strategies in military operations. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(18): 2588-2592.

参考文献

[1] BOUCHAMA A,ABUYASSIN B,LEHE C,et al.Classic and exertional heatstroke[J].Nat Rev Dis Primers,2022,8(1):8.
[2] HOSOKAWA Y,CASA D J,TRTANJ J M,et al.Activity modification in heat:Critical assessment of guidelines across athletic,occupational,and military settings in the USA[J].Int J Biometeorol,2019,63(3):405-427.
[3] BENJAMIN C L,SEKIGUCHI Y,STRUDER J F,et al.Heat acclimation following heat acclimatization elicits additional physiological improvements in male endurance athletes[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2021,18(8):4366.
[4] GIBSON O R,MEE J A,TUTTLE J A,et al.Isothermic and fixed intensity heat acclimation methods induce similar heat adaptation following short and long-term timescales[J].J Therm Biol,2015,49-50:55-65.
[5] ASHWORTH E T,COTTER J D,KILDING A E.Methods for improving thermal tolerance in military personnel prior to deployment[J].Mil Med Res,2020,7(1):58.
[6] SIQUIER-COLL J,BARTOLOMÉ I,PÉREZ-QUINTERO M,et al.Heart rate and body temperature evolution in an interval program of passive heat acclimation at high temperatures[(100±2)℃] in a Sauna[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2023,20(3):2082.
[7] TAN S,ANG W H,LIM L,et al.Efficacy of isothermic conditioning over military-based heat acclimatization and interval training in tropical native males[J].Med Sci Sports Exerc,2022,54(11):1925-1935.
[8] TAYLOR N A.Human heat adaptation[J].Compr Physiol,2014,4(1):325-365.
[9] ASHWORTH E,COTTER J,KILDING A.Post-exercise,passive heat acclimation with sauna or hot-water immersion provide comparable adaptations to performance in the heat in a military context[J].Ergonomics,2023,66(1):49-60.
[10] FENEMOR S P,DRILLER M W,GILL N D,et al.Practical application of a mixed active and passive heat acclimation protocol in elite male Olympic team sport athletes[J].Appl Physiol Nutr Metab,2022,47(10):981-991.
[11] KO Y,KANG J,SEOL S H,et al.Effectiveness of skin-heating using a water-perfused suit as passive and post-exercise heat acclimation strategies[J].J Therm Biol,2020,93:102703.
[12] STEVENS C J,ROSS M,CARR A J,et al.Postexercise hot-water immersion does not further enhance heat adaptation or performance in endurance athletes training in a hot environment[J].Int J Sports Physiol Perform,2021,16(4):480-488.
[13] TYLER C J,REEVE T,HODGES G J,et al.The effects of heat adaptation on physiology,perception and exercise performance in the heat:A meta-analysis[J].Sports Med,2016,46(11):1699-1724.
[14] PARSONS I T,STACEY M J,WOODS D R.Heat adaptation in military personnel:Mitigating risk,maximizing performance[J].Front Physiol,2019,10:1485.
[15] KISSLING L S,AKERMAN A P,CAMPBELL H A,et al.A crossover control study of three methods of heat acclimation on the magnitude and kinetics of adaptation[J].Exp Physiol,2022,107(4):337-349.
[16] MALGOYRE A,SIRACUSA J,TARDO-DINO P E,et al.Four-month operational heat acclimatization positively affects the level of heat tolerance 6 months later[J].Sci Rep,2020,10(1):20260.
[17] MALGOYRE A,TARDO-DINO P E,KOULMANN N,et al.Uncoupling psychological from physiological markers of heat acclimatization in a military context[J].J Therm Biol,2018,77:145-156.
[18] GREENFIELD A M,PEREIRA F G,BOYER W R,et al.Short-term hot water immersion results in substantial thermal strain and partial heat acclimation;comparisons with heat-exercise exposures[J].J Therm Biol,2021,97:102898.
[19] CHALMERS S,ESTERMAN A,ESTON R,et al.Short-term heat acclimation training improves physical performance:A systematic review,and exploration of physiological adaptations and application for team sports[J].Sports Med,2014,44(7):971-988.
[20] PéRIARD J D,RACINAIS S,SAWKA M N.Adaptations and mechanisms of human heat acclimation:Applications for competitive athletes and sports[J].Scand J Med Sci Sports,2015,25(1):20-38.
[21] 宁波,韩玉明,樊凤艳,等.应用热耐力检测方法评估热习服效果的研究[J].空军航空医学,2022,39(4):132-135.
[22] 宁波,刘涛,韩玉明,等.基层热室建立及热室中主动被动热习服训练效果评估[J].空军医学杂志,2021,37(3):185-188.
[23] 曾朴. 高温环境下热习服训练及其效果评价指标的实验研究[D].天津:天津大学,2018.
[24] 宁波,宋青.《部队热习服指南》解读[J].空军医学杂志,2018,34(4):276-278+289.
[25] CHARLOT K,TARDO-DINO P E,BUCHET J F,et al.Short-term,low-volume training improves heat acclimatization in an operational context[J].Front Physiol,2017,8:419.
[26] 何俊,张丽,金虹,等.军事作业中热习服策略的研究进展[J].军事医学,2022,46(5):390-393+401.
[27] ASHLEY C D,FERRON J,BERNARD T E.Loss of heat acclimation and time to re-establish acclimation[J].J Occup Environ Hyg,2015, 12(5):302-308.
[28] DAANEN H,RACINAIS S,PéRIARD J D.Heat acclimation decay and re-induction:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Sports Med,2018,48(2):409-430.
[29] PRYOR J L,PRYOR R R,VANDERMARK L W,et al.Intermittent exercise-heat exposures and intense physical activity sustain heat acclimation adaptations[J].J Sci Med Sport,2019,22(1):117-122.
[30] GERRETT N,ALKEMADE P,DAANEN H.Heat reacclimation using exercise or hot water immersion[J].Med Sci Sports Exerc,2021,53(7):1517-1528.
[31] GARRETT A T,REHRER N J,PATTERSON M J.Induction and decay of short-term heat acclimation in moderately and highly trained athletes[J].Sports Med,2011,41(9):757-771.
[32] PéRIARD J D,TRAVERS G,RACINAIS S,et al.Cardiovascular adaptations supporting human exercise-heat acclimation[J].Auton Neurosci,2016,196:52-62.
[33] 陈曦,潘姝雯,戴宏钦,等.缓解职业人员热应激用个体冷却服的研究进展[J].现代丝绸科学与技术,2021,36(4):35-40.
[34] MALEY M J,MINETT G M,BACH A,et al.Internal and external cooling methods and their effect on body temperature,thermal perception and dexterity[J].PLoS One,2018,13(1):e0191416.
[35] 王小波,钱晓明,王立晶,等.液体冷却服研究进展及消防应用可行性研究[J].纺织学报,2021,42(6):198-207.
[36] 刘何清,高黎颖,李伊洁.冷却服发展状况述评[J].矿业工程研究,2015,30(4):75-80.
[37] 梁永辉,李为林,朱佳音,等.超轻相变降温服的优化设计与热舒适评价[J].毛纺科技,2022,50(5):97-103.
[38] 张馨丹,常文军.军事人员热损伤防护对策及装备研究进展[J].解放军医学院学报,2020,41(7):728-731.
[39] MAZALAN N S,LANDERS G J,WALLMAN K E,et al.A Combination of ice ingestion and head cooling enhances cognitive performance during endurance exercise in the heat[J].J Sports Sci Med,2022,21(1):23-32.
[40] BULLER M J,THARION W J,DUHAMEL C M,et al.Real-time core body temperature estimation from heart rate for first responders wearing different levels of personal protective equipment[J].Ergonomics,2015,58(11):1830-1841.
[41] AHMED H O,BINDEKHAIN J A,ALSHUWEIHI M I,et al.Assessment of thermal exposure level among construction workers in UAE using WBGT,HSI and TWL indices[J].Ind Health,2020,58(2):170-181.
[42] SIM J,LEE J.A history of heat health management policies in the singapore military[J].Healthcare(Basel),2023,11(2):211.
[43] 陈家俊,王静.热习服训练方案及评价指标的研究进展[J].军事医学,2020,44(6):465-469,480.
[44] 梁涵. 热习服过程中血液和尿液代谢物质变化规律的研究[D].上海:第二军医大学,2017.
[45] WILLINGHAM B D,RAGLAND T J,ORMSBEE M J.Betaine supplementation may improve heat tolerance:potential mechanisms in humans[J].Nutrients,2020,12(10):2939.
[46] SONG H B.Possible involvement of HSP70 in pancreatic cancer cell proliferation after heat exposure and impact on RFA postoperative patient prognosis[J].Biochem Biophys Rep,2019,20:100700.
[47] 胡明,李萍,刘吉洛,等.热习服分子机制、特异性标志物及遗传差异研究进展[J].解放军医学杂志,2022,47(10):1034-1041.

军事作业中热习服训练及相关耐热策略的研究进展

Research progress of heat acclimation training and related heat-resistant strategies in military operations

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 8

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	孟斌, 葛强, 常留栓, 雷静, 陈立军, 高宏生. 不同环境野外驻训人员伤病及疲劳状况分析[J]. 职业与健康, 2025, 41(8): 1024-1028.
[2]	朱聪, 王佩茹, 田益沁, 李博, 雷思非, 冯斌. 阶梯运动疗法在腰背部军事训练伤患者中的治疗策略[J]. 职业与健康, 2024, 40(20): 2769-2773.
[3]	邹明萱, 姬菁, 何育清, 殷梦馨, 尉怀怀, 王秀超. 认知灵活性测量技术在空军飞行员选拔中的应用[J]. 职业与健康, 2024, 40(12): 1709-1715.
[4]	李小芳, 刘华磊, 陈伏生. 武警部队战士急救素养水平调查及影响因素分析[J]. 职业与健康, 2024, 40(7): 944-948.
[5]	张立华, 张银玲, 柳琴, 张蓝方, 杨豪爽, 刘娜. 军队卫生士官学员情绪智力现状及影响因素分析[J]. 职业与健康, 2024, 40(1): 84-88.
[6]	林富旺, 杨世荣, 黄鹭华, 吴进, 王凌峰, 简伟明. 军事训练伤中腰肌劳损的特点和预防策略[J]. 职业与健康, 2023, 39(8): 1146-1148.
[7]	赵后雨, 于泽源, 张兴辉, 俞旭华, 刘文武, 方以群. 我军特种作业人员胜任特征模型的初步研究[J]. 职业与健康, 2024, 40(14): 1925-1930.
[8]	杨晓波, 陈学伟, 王晓明, 王紫瑈, 刘聪, 李冉. 军事通讯作业中常见损伤特点和危险因素分析[J]. 职业与健康, 2025, 41(21): 2881-2885.