情绪耗竭在北京市三级医院高年资护士工作-家庭冲突与角色超载间的中介效应

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 482-487.

情绪耗竭在北京市三级医院高年资护士工作-家庭冲突与角色超载间的中介效应

高艳芳^1a, 康春博^1a, 秘西花^1a, 郗荣荣^1b, 吴梦影², 张莎³

1.首都医科大学附属北京康复医院 a 胃肠康复中心, b 骨科康复中心,北京 100144;
2.解放军总医院第八医学中心泌尿外科,北京 100091;
3.首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院护理部,北京 100006

收稿日期:2024-06-25 修回日期:2024-10-30 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2025-12-12
通信作者: 康春博,主任医师,E-mail：dzgkang@163.com
作者简介:高艳芳,女,主管护师,主要从事胃肠康复管理工作。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（81500641）; 首都医科大学附属医院青年创新项目（2023-152）

Mediating effect of emotional exhaustion between work-family conflict and role overload among senior nurses in tertiary hospitals in Beijing

GAO Yanfang^1a, KANG Chunbo^1a, MI Xihua^1a, XI Rongrong^1b, WU Mengying², ZHANG Sha³

1. a Gastrointestinal Rehabilitation Center,b Orthopedic Rehabilitation Center,Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University,Beijing 100144,China;
2. Department of Urology,Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100091,China;
3. Nursing Department,Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University,Beijing 100006,China

Received:2024-06-25 Revised:2024-10-30 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-12-12
Contact: KANG Chunbo,Chief physician,E-mail：dzgkang@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨情绪耗竭在北京市三级医院高年资护士工作-家庭冲突与角色超载间的中介效应。方法于2023年11月—2024年2月,便利法选取北京市5所三级医院高年资（工龄≥10年）的临床护士为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、情绪耗竭量表、工作-家庭冲突量表及角色超载量表进行问卷调查,并对结果进行分析。结果共回收问卷438份,有效问卷410份,有效率为93.6%。调查对象情绪耗竭得分为（22.85±6.34）分,工作-家庭冲突得分为（61.78±13.35）分,角色超载得分为（10.25±2.54）分。北京市高年资护士情绪耗竭与工作-家庭冲突、角色超载均呈正相关（r=0.465、0.475,均P<0.01）,工作-家庭冲突与角色超载呈正相关（r=0.602,P<0.01）。情绪耗竭在北京市高年资护士工作-家庭冲突与角色超载间起部分中介作用,中介效应为0.174,占总效应的26.4%。结论北京市5所三级医院的高年资护士存在不同程度的情绪耗竭,对工作-家庭冲突和角色超载均有正向影响,且情绪耗竭在工作-家庭冲突与角色超载间起部分中介作用。

关键词: 高年资护士, 工作-家庭冲突, 情绪耗竭, 角色超载, 中介效应

Abstract: Objective To explore the mediating effect of emotional exhaustion between work-family conflict and role overload among senior nurses in Beijing. Methods From November 2023 to February 2024,clinical nurses with ≥10 years of experience from five tertiary hospitals in Beijing were selected by convenience sampling method. General information questionnaire,work-family conflict scale,emotional exhaustion scale and role overload scale were used for questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed. Results A total of 438 questionnaires were collected,among which 410 were valid,with an effective rate of 93.6%. The emotional exhaustion score of the survey subjects was （22.85±6.34）points,the score of work-family conflict was （61.78±13.35） points,and the role overload score was （10.25±2.54）points. Emotional exhaustion was positively correlated with work-family conflict and role overload among senior nurses in Beijing（r=0.465,0.475,both P<0.01）,and work-family conflict was positively correlated with role overload（r=0.602,P<0.01）. Emotional exhaustion played a mediating role between work-family conflict and role overload,and the mediating effect value was 0.174,accounting for 26.4% of the total effect. Conclusion Senior nurses in 5 tertiary hospitals in Beijing have different levels of emotional exhaustion,which have positive effects on work-family conflict and role overload,and emotional exhaustion play a partial mediating role between work-family conflict and role overload.

Key words: Senior nurses, Work-family conflict, Emotional exhaustion, Role overload, Mediating effect

高艳芳, 康春博, 秘西花, 郗荣荣, 吴梦影, 张莎. 情绪耗竭在北京市三级医院高年资护士工作-家庭冲突与角色超载间的中介效应. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(4): 482-487.

GAO Yanfang, KANG Chunbo, MI Xihua, XI Rongrong, WU Mengying, ZHANG Sha. Mediating effect of emotional exhaustion between work-family conflict and role overload among senior nurses in tertiary hospitals in Beijing. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(4): 482-487.

参考文献

[1] 李晴蕾,王怀勇.组织中的角色超载[J].心理科学进展,2018,26(11):2046-2056.
[2] 李娟,周文娟,王田,等.角色超载在骨科护士工作家庭冲突和职业倦怠间的中介作用[J].职业与健康,2023,39(24):3349-3353.
[3] 祝红梅,李明子.组织支持在高年资护士职业高原对离职倾向影响的调节效应分析[J].解放军护理杂志,2022,39(4):5-8.
[4] 曾丽华,陈娴,朱珠,等.江苏省高年资护士共情疲劳的潜在类别分析[J].护理学杂志,2024,39(2):64-68.
[5] 柯玉叶,柴晓运,马祎祎,等.护士工作-家庭冲突与增益的潜在剖面分析[J].护理学杂志,2023,38(6):68-71.
[6] 高倩,王明欣,周春姣,等.压力知觉和隐性缺勤在三级甲等医院外科护士工作-家庭冲突和职业倦怠间的链式中介作用[J].职业与健康,2022,38(16):2177-2181.
[7] 黄桂,欧霞,林鹏锦,等.组织中情绪耗竭问题研究[J].学术研究,2021(5):100-107.
[8] GEHRI B,BACHNICK S,SCHWENDIMANN R,et al.Work-schedule management in psychiatric hospitals and its associations with nurses' emotional exhaustion and intention to leave:A cross-sectional multicenter study[J].Int J Nurs Stud,2023,146:104583.
[9] 张何苗. 高中教师工作家庭冲突的影响因素研究[D].北京:首都师范大学,2007.
[10] 李超平,时勘.分配公平与程序公平对工作倦怠的影响[J].心理学报,2003,35(5):677-684.
[11] 张岩. 角色超载对员工离职倾向的影响机制研究[D].北京:首都经济贸易大学,2021.
[12] 和青森,刘玲霞,曹珊.组织支持感对护士工作满意度的影响:挫折感与情绪耗竭的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2023,31(10):1518-1522.
[13] WANG J,MAO F,WU L,et al.Work-related potential traumatic events and job burnout among operating room nurses: Independent effect,cumulative risk,and latent class approaches[J].J Adv Nurs,2022,78(7):2042-2054.
[14] 杨田田,李小燕,余立平,等.工作-家庭冲突在护士工作压力与离职意愿关系中的中介作用[J].护理研究,2020,34(3):420-424.
[15] 韩萌萌,初静,李传圣,等.三级甲等医院ICU护士工作家庭冲突现状及影响因素分析[J].中国护理管理,2023,23(2):236-240.
[16] XIE L L,JIANG W,NIYOMSILP E,et al.Effect of role overload on missed nursing care in China:The role of work addiction and leader-member exchange[J].Nurs Open,2023,10(5):3153-3163.
[17] SAHAY A,WILLIS E.Graduate nurse views on patient safety:Navigating challenging workplace interactions with senior clinical nurses[J].J Clin Nurs,2022,31(1-2):240-249.
[18] 秦静,肖开美.四川省8所三级甲等医院肿瘤科护士职业疲劳现状及影响因素分析[J].职业与健康,2023,39(13):1754-1758.
[19] 赵浩梅,汪张毅,闫伟,等.肿瘤科护士死亡焦虑现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学杂志,2023,38(4):79-82.
[20] 董越娟,魏华,陈妍,等.临床护士工作压力、思维抑制、情绪调节困难与情绪衰竭关系[J].中国职业医学,2023,50(3):355-360.
[21] 雍敬敬,彭燕霞,高云飞,等.临床护士情绪衰竭在工余塑造与工作绩效间的中介作用[J].护理学杂志,2023,38(13):7-9.
[22] RHÉAUME A.Job characteristics,emotional exhaustion,and work-family conflict in nurses[J].West J Nurs Res,2022,44(6):548-556.
[23] 刘丹丹,于永强,张泽天,等.某三甲医院急诊科护士情绪耗竭和工作满意度现状调查[J].工业卫生与职业病,2021,47(6):459-462.
[24] AL-HAMMOURI M M,RABABAH J A.Work family conflict,family work conflicts and work-related quality of life: The effect of rotating versus fixed shifts[J].J Clin Nurs,2023,32(15-16):4887-4893.
[25] 宋金兰,张佳丽,龚言红,等.急诊科护士工作-家庭冲突对组织承诺的影响——积极情感和消极情感的中介作用[J].中国卫生统计,2024,41(1):99-101.
[26] 廖化化,黄蕾,胡斌.资源保存理论在组织行为学中的应用:演变与挑战[J].心理科学进展,2022,30(2):449-463.