贵州省纳雍县3~12岁学生流感疫苗接种现状及父母疫苗犹豫的影响因素分析

职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (21): 2990-2994.

贵州省纳雍县3~12岁学生流感疫苗接种现状及父母疫苗犹豫的影响因素分析

余娜^1,2, 王畅², 胡庆¹, 左军², 罗赟²

1.贵州中医药大学第二附属医院预防保健科,贵州贵阳 550002;
2.毕节市纳雍县中医院防保科,贵州毕节 553399

收稿日期:2023-03-06 修回日期:2023-03-27 出版日期:2023-11-01 发布日期:2026-03-26
通信作者: 罗赟,副主任护师,E-mail：1528797550@qq.com
作者简介:余娜,女,主管护师,主要从事预防接种及传染病防控工作。
基金资助:
贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目（gzwkj2021-424）; 贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目（gzwkj2022-460）

Analysis on current status of influenza vaccination among students aged 3-12 years old in Nayong County of Guizhou Province and influencing factors of parental hesitancy to influenza vaccine

YU Na^1,2, WANG Chang², HU Qing¹, ZUO Jun², LUO Yun²

1. Department of Dreventive Health Care,Second Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang University of Chinese Medicine,Guiyang Guizhou 550002,China;
2. Department of Preventive Health Care,Nayong County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Bijie Guizhou 553399,China

Received:2023-03-06 Revised:2023-03-27 Online:2023-11-01 Published:2026-03-26
Contact: LUO Yun,Associate chief nurse,E-mail：1528797550@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解贵州省纳雍县3~12岁学生2020—2021年流行性感冒（流感）季流感疫苗接种现状、学生父母流感疫苗犹豫影响因素以及2021—2022年流感季父母对流感疫苗的接受程度。方法采用便利抽样法于2021年9—10月选取纳雍县公立幼儿园及小学各2所,对4所学校的学生父母开展网络问卷调查,分析流感疫苗接种率及疫苗接受程度的影响因素。结果在751名参与问卷调查的学生父母中,41.01%（308人）在2020—2021年流感季为子女开展了流感疫苗接种。家长身份为父亲、最小孩子年龄为3~<6岁、职业为医务人员的家长为子女接种流感疫苗的比例更高（OR=1.418、2.121、1.859,均P<0.05）;孩子数量为1个的比3个及以上的流感疫苗接种率低（OR=0.458,P<0.05）。2020—2021年流感季未带孩子接种流感疫苗的家长中,58.99%（443/751）在2021—2022年流感季愿意接受流感疫苗,其中58.69%（260/443）的家长完全接受流感疫苗,39.28%（174/443）的家长流感疫苗犹豫,2.03%（9/443）拒绝流感疫苗;个人平均月收入在5 000~<7 500元/月、质疑疫苗的重要性和有效性的家长,2021—2022年流感季对疫苗的犹豫程度较高（OR=2.166、3.236、1.855,均P<0.05）;担心疫苗不良反应、没时间接种以及不知道哪里有苗的家长,2021—2022年流感季对疫苗的接受程度较高（OR=0.362、0.323、0.224,均P<0.05）。结论贵州省纳雍县3~12岁学生的父母对流感疫苗信任不足、不重视流感危害程度造成的自满情绪以及接种便利性不足等因素是流感疫苗犹豫的主要因素,建议加大流感疫苗保护效果和禁忌症的宣传力度,提升学生父母对疫苗的信任度,降低其自满情绪,同时提升学生接种流感疫苗的便利性,以提升流感疫苗接种率,减少校园疫情的发生。

关键词: 流感疫苗, 学生, 接种率, 家长, 疫苗犹豫, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the status of influenza vaccination among students aged 3-12 years old in Nayong County of Guizhou Province and influencing factors of parental hesitancy to influenza vaccine，as well as the parents' acceptance of influenza vaccines during the influenza season from 2021 to 2022. Methods The convenience sampling was used to collect 2 public kindergartens and 2 primary schools in Nayong County from September to October 2021. The online questionnaire surveys were conducted on parents of students in four schools to analyze the influencing factors of influenza vaccine coverage rate and vaccine acceptance level. Results Among 751 parents of students participating in the questionnaire survey，41.01%（308） of them took their children to receive the influenza vaccine in 2020. The fathers，those whose youngest children were 3-<6 years old，and parents who work as medical staff were more willing to vaccinate their children against influenza（OR=1.418，2.121，1.859，all P<0.05）. One child family's influenza vaccination ratewas lower than the the family with three children or more（OR=0.458，P<0.05）. Among the parents who did not take their children toreceive the influenza vaccineduring the influenza season of 2020-2021，58.99%（443/751） were willing to accept influenza vaccineduring the influenza season of 2021-2022，of which 58.69%（260/443） of parents completely accepted the influenza vaccine，39.28%（174/443） were hesitant about influenza vaccines，and 2.03%（9/443） refused influenza vaccine. The parents with personal average monthly income of 5 000-<7 500 yuan and the parents who question the importance and effectiveness of vaccines had higher vaccine hesitancyduring the influenza season of 2021-2022（OR=2.166，3.236，1.855，all P<0.05）. The parents who are worried about the adverse reactions of the vaccine，parents who don't have time to get vaccinated and don't know where to get vaccinated had the high degree of acceptance of the vaccineduring the influenza season of 2021-2022（OR=0.362，0.323，0.224，all P<0.05）. Conclusion Among the parents of students aged 3-12 years old in Nayong County of Guizhou Province，the main factors causing hesitation in influenza vaccines include insufficient trust in influenza vaccines，complacency caused by lack of emphasis on the severity of influenza hazards，and insufficient convenience for vaccination，it is recommended to increase the promotion of the protective effect and contraindications of influenza vaccines，enhance the trust of parents in the vaccine，reduce their complacency，and enhance the convenience of students receiving influenza vaccines to increase the vaccination rate and reduce the occurrence of campus epidemics.

Key words: Influenza vaccines, Students, Vaccination rate, Parents, Vaccine hesitancy, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

R186

余娜, 王畅, 胡庆, 左军, 罗赟. 贵州省纳雍县3~12岁学生流感疫苗接种现状及父母疫苗犹豫的影响因素分析. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(21): 2990-2994.

YU Na, WANG Chang, HU Qing, ZUO Jun, LUO Yun. Analysis on current status of influenza vaccination among students aged 3-12 years old in Nayong County of Guizhou Province and influencing factors of parental hesitancy to influenza vaccine. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(21): 2990-2994.

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