职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (22): 3025-3031.

• 论著 •    下一篇

苏州市全科医师焦虑障碍现况及影响因素分析

曹德立1a,2, 黄敏1b   

  1. 1.南京医科大学附属苏州医院a苏州市社区卫生服务指导中心,b全科医学科,江苏 苏州 215000;
    2.国家卫生健康委员会基层卫生健康司,北京 100044
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-21 修回日期:2023-07-17 出版日期:2023-11-15 发布日期:2026-03-26
  • 通信作者: 黄敏,主任医师,E-mail:13962177700@163.com
  • 作者简介:曹德立,男,助理研究员,主要从事基层卫生管理与医联体建设工作。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏基层卫生发展与全科医学教育研究中心重点项目(2021A01); 苏州市科技发展计划(SKJYD2021110)

Analysis on current situation and influencing factors of anxiety disorders among general practitioners in Suzhou City

CAO Deli1a,2, HUANG Min1b   

  1. 1. a Suzhou Community Health Service Guidance Center,b Department of General Practice,The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Suzhou Jiangsu 215000,China;
    2. Primary Health Department,Health Commission of the People's Republic of China,Beijing 100044,China
  • Received:2023-06-21 Revised:2023-07-17 Online:2023-11-15 Published:2026-03-26
  • Contact: HUANG Min,Chief physician,E-mail:13962177700@163.com

摘要: 目的 了解苏州市全科医师焦虑障碍现况,分析影响苏州市全科医师焦虑障碍的主要因素,为苏州市全科人才队伍建设及基层卫生管理政策的制定提供依据和参考。方法 2022年5月,通过文献查阅、专家咨询和全科医师访谈,收集全科医师焦虑障碍影响因素研究项,结合广泛性焦虑障碍(generalized anxiety disorder,GAD)量表(GAD-7),编制调查问卷,采用多阶段抽样方法抽取苏州市1 302名全科医师作为调查对象,通过问卷星和微信对其进行焦虑障碍情况、焦虑障碍影响因素的问卷调查。并对数据进行分析。结果 1 302名全科医师中有149(11.44%)、184(14.13%)和439(33.72%)名全科医师的焦虑障碍程度分别为重度、中度和轻度。全科医师的年龄、职称、职业认同程度、需抚养子女人数、需赡养老人数、住房情况、所在单位性质、加班频率不同,其焦虑障碍程度不同;年龄、需赡养老人数、单位性质、加班频率对全科医师患焦虑障碍程度存在显著的正向影响关系(P<0.05),职称对全科医师患焦虑障碍程度存在显著的负向影响关系(P<0.01)。全科医师焦虑障碍的主要影响因素共有6个:挑战性工作压力、阻碍性工作压力、职业发展压力、疫情防控压力、家庭生活压力、社会环境压力,其权重分别为12.60%、22.48%、14.30%、14.73%、21.67%和14.22%。结论 苏州市全科医师存在焦虑障碍情况较为普遍,建议加快全科人才队伍建设,吸引更多医学人才加入全科医师队伍,同时需完善全科医师考核激励机制、合理优化全科医师工作时间与工作强度,关注全科医师心理健康,增加社会支持。

关键词: 全科医师, 焦虑障碍, 影响因素, 探索性因子分析, 结构方程模型

Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation of anxiety disorders among general practitioners in Suzhou,analyze the main factors affecting anxiety disorders among general practitioners in Suzhou,and provide a basis and reference for the construction of the general practitioner talent team and the formulation of grassroots health management policies in Suzhou. Methods In May 2022,through literature review,expert consultation,and interviews with general practitioners,research items on the influencing factors of anxiety disorders among general practitioners were collected. Combined with the generalized anxiety disorder(GAD) scale(GAD-7),a survey questionnaire was developed. A multi-stage sampling method was used to select 1 302 general practitioners in Suzhou as the survey subjects,and a questionnaire survey on their anxiety disorders and influencing factors were conducted through Wenjuanxing and WeChat,and the data were analyzed. Results Among 1 302 general practitioners,149(11.44%),184(14.13%),and 439(33.72%) people had severe,moderate,and mild anxiety disorders. The level of anxiety disorder varied among general practitioners based on their age,professional title,level of professional identity,number of children to be raised,number of elderly care to be supported,housing situation,nature of their unit,and overtime frequency. There was a significant positive impact on the degree of anxiety disorder among general practitioners,including age,number of elderly care providers,nature of the organization,and frequency of overtime(P<0.05). Professional titles had a significant negative impact on the degree of anxiety disorder among general practitioners(P<0.01). There were six main influencing factors of anxiety disorder in general practitioners:challenging work pressure,obstructive work pressure,career development pressure,epidemic prevention and control pressure,family life pressure,and social environment pressure,with weights of 12.60%,22.48%,14.30%,14.73%,21.67%,and 14.22%,respectively. Conclusions Anxiety disorders are common among general practitioners in Suzhou City. It is recommended to accelerate the construction of the general practitioner talent team,attract more medical talents to join the general practitioner team,improve the assessment and incentive mechanism for general practitioners,reasonably optimize their working hours and intensity,pay attention to the mental health of general practitioners,and increase social support.

Key words: General practitioner, Anxiety disorder, Influencing factors, Exploratory factor analysis, Structural equation model

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