职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 762-765.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2020—2024年北京市通州区腹泻病例食源性致病菌主动监测结果分析

江南1, 张萍1, 吴燕芳1, 雷宇宸1, 吴艳2, 张海鹃3   

  1. 1 北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心北京 101100
    2 首都医科大学附属北京潞河医院北京 101100
    3 北京市通州区妇幼保健院北京 101101
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-07 修回日期:2025-07-09 出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2026-04-03
  • 作者简介:江南,男,副主任医师,主要从事营养与食品卫生工作。

Analysis of active surveillance results of foodborne pathogens in diarrhea cases in Tongzhou District of Beijing City from 2020 to 2024

JIANG Nan1, ZHANG Ping1, WU Yanfang1, LEI Yuchen1, WU Yan2, ZHANG Haijuan3   

  1. 1 Beijing Tongzhou District Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 101100, China
    2 Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 101100, China
    3 Beijing Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health HospitalBeijing 101101, China
  • Received:2025-07-07 Revised:2025-07-09 Online:2026-03-15 Published:2026-04-03

摘要:

目的 了解2020—2024年北京市通州区腹泻病例食源性致病菌的流行病学特征,为防治食源性疾病与食品安全工作提供技术参考。 方法 2020—2024年按照《国家食源性疾病监测手册》要求,在通州区两家哨点医院筛选符合纳入标准的腹泻病例,收集临床及食品暴露信息并采集便标本开展沙门菌、副溶血弧菌、致泻大肠埃希菌等3种致病菌检测。 结果 共1 794名腹泻病例纳入监测,各类食源性致病菌检出率及优势菌型分别为沙门菌3.07%(肠炎型沙门菌),副溶血性弧菌1.51%(O10:K4型),致泻大肠埃希菌7.75%(肠产毒性大肠埃希菌)。致泻大肠埃希菌的夏季(6—8月)检出率(12.53%)显著高于其他季节。副溶血性弧菌主要在30~<45岁年龄组检出(3.06%),而致泻大肠埃希菌则在18~<30岁年龄组检出率较高(13.53%)。混合食品(27.97%)位居可疑食品暴露首位。家庭环境(46.34%)是可疑暴露食品主要来源。 结论 2020—2024年北京市通州区腹泻病例主要食源性致病菌的检出率及优势菌型均出现显著变化,中青年人和夏季依然是监测重点群体和季节,需不断加强居民家庭食品安全健康宣教工作。

关键词: 食源性致病菌, 腹泻病例, 主动监测

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne pathogens in diarrhea cases in Tongzhou District of Beijing City from 2020 to 2024,and provide technical reference for prevention and control of foodborne diseases and food safety. Methods According to the requirements of the National Foodborne Disease Surveillance Manual,diarrhea cases meeting the inclusion criteria were screened in two sentinel hospitals in Tongzhou District,and clinical and food exposure information and stool samples were collected for the detection of salmonella,Vibrio para-hemolyticus and diarrheal Escherichia coli. Results A total of 1 794 cases of diarrhea were included in the surveillance,and the detection rates and dominant strains of various foodborne pathogens were Salmonella 3.07%(Salmonella enteritidis),Vibrio parahaemolyticus 1.51%(O10∶K4 type),Diarrheogenic Escherichia coli 7.75%(enterotoxic Escherichia coli). The detection rate of diarrheal Escherichia coli(12.53%) in summer(June-August) was significantly higher than that in other seasons. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was mainly detected in the age group of 30-<45 years(3.06%),while the incidence of diarrheal Escherichia coli was higher in the age group of 18-<30 years(13.53%). Mixed foods(27.97%) ranked first in exposure to suspicious foods. Home environment(46.34%) was the main source of suspiciously exposed food. Conclusion The detection rate of main foodborne pathogens and dominant bacterial types of diarrhea cases have changed significantly in Tongzhou District of Beijing City from 2020 to 2024. Young and middle-aged people and summer are still the key groups and seasons for monitoring,and it is necessary to strengthen the family food safety and health education work.

Key words: Foodborne pathogens, Diarrhea cases, Active surveillance

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