职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 565-571.

• 卫生管理与研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

四川省少数民族地区卫生人力资源动态发展及预测分析

周明华   

  1. 泸州市人民医院行政办公室,四川 泸州 646000
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-13 修回日期:2024-06-25 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2025-12-12
  • 作者简介:周明华,男,医院管理中级师,主要从事卫生政策与医院管理工作。
  • 基金资助:
    泸州市科学技术和人才工作局2023年科技计划项目(2023ZRK207); 川北医学院2024年度四川省基层卫生事业发展研究中心资助项目(SWFZ24-Y-36)

Dynamic development and prediction analysis of health human resources in ethnic minority areas of Sichuan Province

ZHOU Minghua   

  1. Administration office,Luzhou People's Hospital,Luzhou,Sichuan 646000,China
  • Received:2024-06-13 Revised:2024-06-25 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-12-12

摘要: 目的 分析四川省少数民族地区卫生人力资源动态发展及预测未来5年的发展情况,为进一步优化卫生人力资源配置提供参考依据。方法 从《四川卫生健康统计年鉴》中提取2016—2021年四川省少数民族地区67个县的卫生人力资源数据,采用每千人口卫生人力资源数、环比增长率和定基比增长率评价卫生人力资源的发展情况,采用偏离-份额分析法评价卫生人力资源的结构发展情况,使用灰色预测模型GM(1,1)预测2022—2026年卫生人力资源的发展情况。结果 国家认定的民族地区、省认定的民族地区和省政府批准享有民族地区待遇县的卫生技术人员、执业(助理)医师和注册护士等主要卫生人力资源每千人口拥有量低于四川省平均水平。省政府批准享受民族地区待遇县卫生技术人员、执业(助理)医师和注册护士等主要卫生人力资源的环比增长率和定基比增长率相对较快。以四川省平均水平作为参照,3类少数民族地区的执业(助理)医师、注册护士和技师的总偏离分量整体上<0,国家认定的民族地区和省政府批准享受民族地区待遇县的卫生技术人员、药师和其他人员结构偏离分量整体上<0,省认定的民族地区的卫生技术人员、药师和其他人员竞争力偏离分量整体上<0。结论 四川省少数民族地区卫生人力资源持续增长,但是卫生人力资源整体存在不足。少数民族地区卫生人力资源相对于四川省省平均水平各有结构性和竞争力优劣势。

关键词: 卫生人力资源, 少数民族地区, 偏离-份额分析, 灰色预测模型GM(1, 1)

Abstract: Objective To analyze the dynamic development of health human resources in minority areas of Sichuan Province and predict the development in the next 5 years,so as to provide a scientific basis for further optimization of health human resources allocation. Methods Data on human resources for health in 67 counties in ethnic minority areas of Sichuan Province from 2016 to 2021 were extracted from the Sichuan Health Statistics Yearbook,and the number of health human resources per 1 000 population,the chain growth rate and the fixed base ratio growth rate were used to evaluate the development of health human resources,the deviation-share analysis was used to evaluate the structural development of health human resources,and the gray prediction model GM(1,1) was used to predict the development of health human resources from 2022 to 2026. Results The number of health technicians,licensed(assistant) physicians and registered nurses and other major health human resources per 1 000 population in nationally recognized ethnic areas,provincially recognized ethnic areas and provincial government-approved counties enjoying ethnic area benefits was lower than the average level in Sichuan Province. The provincial government-approved counties enjoying ethnic area benefits of health technicians,licensed(assistant) physicians and registered nurses,and other major health human resources had relatively fast chain growth rates and fixed base ratio growth rates. Taking the average level of Sichuan Province as a reference,the total deviation scores of licensed(assistant) physicians,registered nurses and technicians in 3 types of ethnic minority areas were less than 0,the overall deviation of the structure scores of health technicians,pharmacists and other personnel in nationally recognized ethnic areas and provincial government-approved counties enjoying ethnic areas were less than 0,and the overall deviation of the competitiveness scores of health technicians,pharmacists and other personnel in provincially recognized ethnic areas were less than 0. Conclusion Health human resources in ethnic minority areas of Sichuan Province continue to grow,but there is an overall shortage of health human resources. Health human resources in ethnic minority areas each have structural and competitive advantages and disadvantages relative to the average level of Sichuan Province.

Key words: Health human resources, Minority regions, Deviation-share analysis, Gray prediction model GM(1, 1)