2019—2023年成都市龙泉驿区食源性疾病监测结果分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析成都市龙泉驿区食源性疾病流行特征及规律,为制定防控措施和提高预警能力提供科学依据。方法收集2019—2023年成都市龙泉驿区食源性疾病监测数据,对病例信息及病原学检测结果进行流行病学分析。结果监测病例共6 988例,发病主要集中在5—9月,占57.87%;区域内龙泉街道病例数最多,为40.45%。男女性别比为1∶1.24,平均年龄28.67岁。<6岁组占比最高为23.08%;职业主要为散居儿童（18.78%）、学生（15.03%）、家务及待业（13.18%）;临床症状以消化系统居多,占99.44%。可疑暴露食品种类主要为肉与肉制品（29.95%）、水果类及其制品（17.93%）、粮食类及其制品（12.26%）;可疑暴露食品时间分布显示,某些食品种类在不同季度的暴露差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;暴露食品加工方式和进食场所分别以家庭自制（33.32%）和家庭（72.37%）为主。病原学检测2 636例病例,肠道致病菌阳性率占3.57%,主要为沙门菌,占98.94%,且鼠伤寒沙门菌检出最多,为66.07%,沙门菌在第2季度检出率最高,为5.84%。年龄<6岁组（4.61%）和散居儿童（5.29%）中检出率最高;诺如病毒阳性率占8.51%,以GII型为主,占52.78%,检出率最高在第4季度,占25.00%。结论根据食源性疾病流行病学特征、可疑暴露食品信息及病原学结果,相关机构积极协作针对性地实施预防控制措施,以降低食源性疾病发生风险。

关键词: 食源性疾病, 流行病学特征, 病原学

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and patterns of foodborne diseases in Longquanyi District of Chengdu City,provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures and improving early warning capabilities. Methods The foodborne disease surveillance data were collected in Longquanyi District of Chengdu City from 2019 to 2023,and the epidemiological analysis was conducted on case information and pathogen detection results. Results A total of 6 988 cases were monitored,which were mainly concentrated from May to September（57.87%）.Longquan Street had the highest number of cases in the region（40.45%）. The male-to-female ratio was 1∶1.24,with an average age of 28.67 years old.The group of <6 years old had the highest proportion（23.08%）,and the occupation was mainly scattered children（18.78%）,students（15.03%）,housework and unemployment（13.18%）.The majority of clinical symptoms were digestive system（99.44%）.The suspected exposed food types mainly included meat and meat products（29.95%）,fruits and their products（17.93%）,and grains and their products（12.26%）.The time distribution of suspiciously exposed foods showed that the difference in exposure of some food types among different quarters was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Most exposed food processing methods and eating places were home-made（33.32%） and home（72.37%）,respectively.Among the 2 636 cases detected by pathogen testing,the positive rate of intestinal pathogenic bacteria was 3.57%,mainly Salmonella（98.94%）,and Salmonella typhimurium was the most detected（66.07%）. The highest detection rate of Salmonella was found in the second quarter（5.84%）. The highest detection rate was found in the group of <6 years old（4.61%） and scattered children（5.29%）.The positive rate of norovirus was 8.51%,with GII type（52.78%） being the main type,and the detection rate in the fourth quarter was the highest（25.00%）. Conclusion Based on the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases,information of suspected exposed foods and etiological results,the relevant institutions should actively collaborate to implement targeted prevention and control measures to reduce the risk of foodborne diseases.

Key words: Foodborne diseases, Epidemic characteristics, Etiology

中图分类号:

R155.3

刘文艳, 张栗, 卢清平. 2019—2023年成都市龙泉驿区食源性疾病监测结果分析. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(22): 3061-3067.

LIU Wenyan, ZHANG Li, LU Qingping. Analysis on surveillance results of foodborne diseases in Longquanyi District of Chengdu City from 2019 to 2023. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(22): 3061-3067.

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