2010—2022年深圳市盐田区其他感染性腹泻流行特征及疾病负担分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析深圳市盐田区其他感染性腹泻流行特征及流行病学疾病负担,为制定有效防控措施提供参考。方法应用描述流行病学方法对中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2010—2022年深圳市盐田区报告的其他感染性腹泻病例的基本流行特征进行描述,对社区尺度进行时空聚集性探测,采用Joinpoint回归模型对发病率变化趋势进行分析,并采用健康寿命损失年（years lost due to disability,YLDs）估算流行病学疾病负担。结果 2010—2022年深圳市盐田区其他感染性腹泻年均发病率为203.99/10万,2020—2022年年均发病率（156.10/10万）低于2010—2019年（218.33/10万）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。男女发病比为1.36∶1,0~<5岁年龄组发病率最高（2 445.22/10万）,散居儿童占比最高（63.85%）。发病时间出现一定的季节性,分别在冬季和夏季2个高峰,人群中以轮状病毒感染为主（80.27%）。高发聚集社区为盐田港后方陆域所在社区（LLR=99.01,RR=5.64,P<0.01）。Joinpoint回归分析结果显示,2010—2022年报告发病率总体呈下降趋势（AAPC=-3.83%,P>0.05）,2010—2022年0~1岁组发病率呈较大幅度下降且差异有统计学意义（APC=-6.89%,P<0.05）。归因于其他感染性腹泻的伤残调整寿命年为19.10人年,0~<5岁年龄组疾病负担最大,为7.66人年。结论 2010—2022年深圳市盐田区其他感染性腹泻流行水平仍较高,需针对不同特征人群、高发社区继续开展综合防控措施。

关键词: 其他感染性腹泻, 流行特征, 疾病负担, 病原学监测

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the disease burden of other infectious diarrhea in Yantian District of Shenzhen City from 2010 to 2022,and provide evidence for formulating effective prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive analysis was used to describe epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea reported by China's Disease Control and Prevention Information System.Space-time aggregation detection on the community scale was conducted,a joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the change trend of morbidity,and the epidemiological burden of disease was estimated by years of years lived with disability（YLDs）. Results The average annual incidence of other infectious diarrhea in Yantian District of Shenzhen City from 2010 to 2022 was 203.99/100 000,and the average annual incidence rate（156.10/100 000） from 2020 to 2022 was lower than that of 2010 to 2019（218.33/100 000）,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.01）. The ratio of incidence rate between men and women was 1.36∶1,The highest incidence was in the 0-<5 year old group（2 445.22/100 000）,and cases were mainly scattered children（63.85%）. The onset time showed a certain seasonality,with two peaks in winter and summer. Rotavirus infection was the main cause in 80.27% of the population.The community with high incidence was the area behind Yantian Port（LLR=99.01,RR=5.64,P<0.01）. The results of Joinpoint regression analysis showed that the overall reported incidence rate from 2010 to 2022 showed a downward trend,but the difference was not statistically significant（AAPC=-3.83%,P>0.05）,and the incidence rate of the 0-1 year old group from 2010 to 2022 showed a significant decline and the difference was statistically significant（APC=-6.89%,P<0.05）.Disability-adjusted life year（DALY） attributed to infectious diarrhea was 19.10 years,and the burden of disease was the greatest in the 0-<5 year old group（7.66 years）. Conclusion From 2010 to 2022,other infectious diarrhea remained an epidemic in Yantian District of Shenzhen City,and comprehensive control and prevention measures needed to be carried out for different characteristic populations and high-risk communities.

Key words: Other infectious diarrhea, Epidemic characteristics, Burden of disease, Etiological surveillance

中图分类号:

R181.8⁺1

林凯, 李雪梅, 刘雅文, 古丽斯, 徐震东, 黄仁湛. 2010—2022年深圳市盐田区其他感染性腹泻流行特征及疾病负担分析. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(22): 3083-3087.

LIN Kai, LI Xuemei, LIU Yawen, GU Lisi, XU Zhendong, HUANG Renzhan. Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of other infectious diarrhea in Yantian District of Shenzhen City from 2010 to 2022. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(22): 3083-3087.

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