职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 983-987.

• 调查研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

2019和2023年天津市河东区居民健康素养水平及影响因素分析

刘鹏1, 原晓华2(), 蒙美旭1, 赵娜1, 籍小溪1   

  1. 1 天津市河东区疾病预防控制中心天津 300070
    2 天津市第三中心医院天津 300070
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-26 修回日期:2025-07-21 出版日期:2026-04-01 发布日期:2026-05-14
  • 通信作者: 原晓华,E-mail:y19900125@126.com
  • 作者简介:刘鹏,男,副主任公卫医师,主要从事疾病预防控制工作。

Comparison of health literacy levels among residents in Hedong District of Tianjin City in 2019 and 2023 and analysis of influencing factors

LIU Peng1, YUAN Xiaohua2(), MENG Meixu1, ZHAO Na1, JI Xiaoxi1   

  1. 1 Hedong District Center for Disease Control and PreventionTianjin 300070, China
    2 Tianjin Third Central HospitalTianjin 300070, China
  • Received:2025-06-26 Revised:2025-07-21 Online:2026-04-01 Published:2026-05-14

摘要:

目的 比较2019和2023年天津市河东区居民健康素养水平变化趋势并分析其影响因素,为优化区域健康促进政策及措施提供科学依据。方法 分别于2019、2023年使用《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》,采用多阶段分层随机抽样法对901和1 363名天津市河东区常住居民进行健康素养问卷调查,比较健康素养水平差异,通过多因素Logistic回归分析探究其主要影响因素。结果 2023年居民具备健康素养比例为34.19%,高于2019年的32.08%,但差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.997,P>0.05),3个方面健康素养水平比较,2023年健康技能素养水平高于2019年,差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.173,P<0.05),6类健康问题素养方面,2023年慢性病预防素养、健康信息素养、基本医疗素养和传染病预防素养均高于2019年,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=4.358、10.171、11.650和44.158,均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,2019及2023年河东区居民健康素养水平的主要影响因素高度一致,均为年龄、文化程度、慢性病患病情况,2019年OR值分别为0.862、1.782和0.811;2023年OR值分别为0.799、1.801和0.809。结论 天津市河东区居民健康素养水平处于中等程度,健康教育人员应重点关注年龄较大、文化程度较低以及无慢性病的居民健康促进管理,以提升河东区居民整体健康素养水平。

关键词: 居民, 健康素养, 健康促进, 变化趋势, 影响因素

Abstract:

Objective To compare the changing trends of the health literacy levels of residents in Hedong District of Tianjin City in 2019 and 2023,and analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide a scientific basis for optimizing regional health promotion policies and measures. Methods By using the National Resident Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire,a stratified multi-stage random sampling method was adopted to conduct health literacy questionnaires among 901 and 1 363 permanent residents in Hedong District of Tianjin City in 2019 and 2023 respectively. The differences in health literacy levels were compared. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the main influencing factors. Results In 2023,the proportion of residents with health literacy was 34.19%,which was higher than that in 2019(32.08%),but the difference was not statistically significant(χ2=0.997,P>0.05). Comparing the health literacy levels in three aspects,the health skills literacy level in 2023 was higher than that in 2019,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=11.173,P<0.05). In terms of six types of health problem literacy,the levels of chronic disease prevention literacy,health information literacy,basic medical literacy,and infectious disease prevention literacy in 2023 were higher than those in 2019,and the differences were statistically significant(χ2=4.358,10.171,11.650, 44.158,all P<0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that the main influencing factors of the health literacy level of residents in Hedong District in 2019 and 2023 were highly consistent,which included age,educational level and chronic disease status. The OR values in 2019 were 0.862,1.782 and 0.811,respectively,while those in 2023 were 0.799,1.801and 0.809,respectively. Conclusion The health literacy level of residents in Hedong District of Tianjin City is at a moderate level,and the health education personnel should focus on the health promotion management of older residents,those with a lower educational level,and those without chronic diseases,so as to improve the overall health literacy level of residents in Hedong District.

Key words: Residents, Health literacy, Health promotion, Changing trend, Influencing factors

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