职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 1486-1490.

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2018—2022年南昌市新发现老年HIV患者首次实验室检测结果分析

郑扬云, 冯长华, 齐晓彤(), 路亮, 涂志斌, 罗生根   

  1. 传染病预防控制国家重点实验室研究基地江西省卫生健康新发传染病病原学诊断及基因组学重点实验室,南昌市疾病预防控制中心江西 南昌 330038
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-25 修回日期:2025-08-18 出版日期:2026-06-01 发布日期:2026-06-10
  • 通信作者: 齐晓彤,E-mail:qxt14632@163.com
  • 作者简介:郑扬云,女,助理研究员,主要从事艾滋病检测以及流行病学特征研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    江西省卫生健康委科技计划(202140184);江西省卫生健康委科技计划(202311341);江西省卫生健康委科技计划(202311342)

Analysis of the first laboratory test results of newly elderly HIV patients in Nanchang City from 2018 to 2022

ZHENG Yangyun, FENG Changhua, QI Xiaotong(), LU Liang, TU Zhibin, LUO Shenggen   

  1. The Collaboration Unit for State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and ControlJiangxi Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Diagnosis and Genomics of Emerging Infectious Diseases,Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,NanchangJiangxi 330038, China
  • Received:2025-07-25 Revised:2025-08-18 Online:2026-06-01 Published:2026-06-10
  • Contact: QI Xiaotong,E-mail:qxt14632@163.com

摘要:

目的 了解2018—2022年南昌市新发现老年人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者的免疫功能状况和HIV在体内的复制水平,以便预测疾病进展情况。方法 分别用免疫印迹仪、流式细胞仪和定量实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(real-time polymerase,real-time PCR)方法检测2018—2022年南昌市606例新发现老年HIV感染者蛋白印迹(western blotting,WB)条带、表面抗原分化簇4受体T淋巴细胞(cluster of differentiation 4 receptors,CD4+T)计数和病毒载量。结果 2018—2022年南昌市新发现的606例老年HIV感染者中,WB特异性条带gp160、gp120检出率为100.00%,gp41为98.35%,p24为96.53%,p66为94.72%,p31为91.25%,p51为89.77%,p17为52.48%,p39为47.03%,p55为24.42%。WB带型种类繁多,但主要带型为全带、缺失p55、缺失p55+p39和缺失p55+p39+p17,各带型所占比例分别为19.47%、15.68%、13.36%和24.92%。新发现老年HIV感染者CD4+T淋巴细胞计数为(209.03±161.14)个/μL;50~200 个/μL 245例,占40.43%;201~350 个/μL 182例,占30.03%;>350 个/μL 91例,占15.02%。新发现老年HIV感染者病毒载量为(4.95± 0.81)log/mL,其中病毒载量<3 log/mL 16例,占2.64%;3~4 log/mL 49例,占8.09%;>4~5 log/mL 253例,占41.75%;>5 log/mL 288例,占47.52%。通过相关性分析确证条带数与CD4+T淋巴细胞数呈正相关、与病毒载量之间呈负相关,CD4+T淋巴细胞数与病毒载量之间呈负相关。结论 2018—2022年南昌市新发现老年HIV感染者免疫机能差,病毒复制水平高,HIV-1免疫印迹条带、CD4+T淋巴细胞数与病毒载量检测可帮助判断老年AIDS患有机体免疫状态、确定疾病分期和监测疾病进展。

关键词: 人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者, 蛋白印迹试验条带, CD4+T淋巴细胞, 病毒载量

Abstract:

Objective To understand the immune function status and the level of virus replication in newly elderly human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) patients in Nanchang City from 2018 to 2022,in order to predict disease progression. Methods Western blot(WB),flow cytometry and real-time polymerase(real-time PCR) were used to test the antibody bands patterns,the value of cluster of differentiation 4 receptors(CD4+T) lymphocytes counts and the viral load in 606 newly found elderly HIV infected patients in Nanchang City from 2018 to 2022. Results Out of the 606 cases of newly elderly HIV infected patients in Nanchang City from 2018 to 2022,the detection rates of WB specific bands gp160 and gp120 were 100.00%,the positive rate of bands of gp41,p24,p66,p31,p51,p17,p39,p55 were 98.35%,96.53%,94.72%,91.25%,89.77%,52.48%,47.03% and 24.42%,respectively. There were many types of WB bands,but the main band types were total bands,missing p55 band,missing p55+p39 bands,missing p55+p39+p17bands,accounting for 19.47%,15.68%,13.36% and 24.92%,respectively. The value of CD4+T lymphocytes counts from newly elderly HIV infected patients was (209.03±161.14)cells/μL,and the range of CD4+T lymphocytes counts 50-200,201-350 and >350 cells/μL were 245(40.43%),182(30.03%),91(15.02%),respectively. The value of viral load from newly elderly HIV infected patients was (4.95± 0.81)log/mL,and the range of viral load <3,3-4,>4-5 and >5 log/mL were 16(2.64%),49(8.09%),253(41.75%),288(47.52%),respectively. Through correlation analysis,it was confirmed that the number of WB bands was positive correlation with the count of CD4+T lymphocyte and negative correlation with the viral load,and the count of CD4+T lymphocyte was negatively correlated with the viral load. Conclusion From 2018 to 2022,the newly elderly HIV infected patients in Nanchang City were associated with lower immunity,but highly viral replication. The WB bands patterns,CD4+T Lymphocyte counts and viral load can help to judge immune status,determine disease stages and monitor disease progression of elderly patients.

Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus patients, Western blot bands, CD4+T lymphocytes, Viral load

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