工作场所护士心理弹性的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

护士在工作中面临各种各样的压力源，护理工作中的压力使护士倦怠、抑郁、焦虑高发，离职率增加。心理弹性作为一种个体的保护因素和应对能力，在调节和维护护士的身心健康方面发挥着重要作用。我国对护士心理弹性的研究于2010年后逐步展开，2019年后呈现快速增长趋势。研究护士的心理弹性必然要结合护士的职业特点和工作环境，工作场所中的弹性也被称为职业弹性。心理学和组织行为学的研究者已经将注意力从个体弹性转移到对群体和团队的弹性研究上，研究者已认识到团队层面弹性研究的必要性。工作场所中护士心理弹性的研究和护士团队心理弹性的重要性越来越受到关注，取得较多研究成果。本文旨在通过护士心理弹性的概念、护士心理弹性的研究现状进行梳理，对护士职业韧性/弹性进行概述，对护士心理弹性模型、护士心理弹性测量工具等方面研究的进展进行综述，为护士心理弹性的教育培训和制定干预方案提供参考，从而减少护士流失并促进其心理健康。

关键词: 护士, 心理弹性, 职业韧性, 模型, 量表, 工作场所

Abstract:

Nurses are confronted with various stressors in their work. The stress in nursing work leads to high rates of burnout，depression，anxiety and turnover among nurses. Psychological resilience，as an individual protective factor and coping ability，plays a significant role in regulating and maintaining the physical and mental health of nurses. Research on nurses' psychological resilience in China began to gradually unfold after 2010 and has shown a rapid growth trend since 2019. Studying nurses' psychological resilience must be combined with their professional characteristics and working environment，and the resilience in the workplace is also known as career resilience. Researchers in psychology and organizational behavior have shifted their focus from individual resilience to the study of group and team resilience，and have recognized the necessity of studying resilience at the team level. The research on nurses' psychological resilience in the workplace and the importance of nurses' team psychological resilience have received increasing attention and achieved many research results. This article aims to provide a review of the concept and current research status of nurses' psychological resilience，career resilience/resilience and research progress on nurses' psychological resilience models and measurement tools，in order to provide references for the education and training of nurses' psychological resilience and the formulation of intervention plans，thereby reducing nurse turnover and promoting their mental health.

Key words: Nurses, Resilience, Career resilience, Model, scale, Workplace

中图分类号:

R181.3+1

王宁, 耿静, 高静, 杜晶晶. 工作场所护士心理弹性的研究进展. [J]职业与健康, 2026, 42(19): 2717-2721.

WANG Ning, GENG Jing, GAO Jing, DU Jingjing. Research progress on psychological resilience of nurses in the workplace. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2026, 42(19): 2717-2721.

图/表 2

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