职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (21): 2902-2906.

• 论著—职业卫生与职业相关疾病 • 上一篇    下一篇

南通市非医疗放射工作人员甲状腺异常情况分析

黎源1, 钟恩德2, 孙程1, 蒋正东1, 许滋宁1, 曹亚强1()   

  1. 1 南通市疾病预防控制中心江苏 南通 226000
    2 青岛市疾病预防控制中心山东 青岛 266033
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-20 修回日期:2025-12-30 出版日期:2026-11-01 发布日期:2026-09-04
  • 通信作者: 曹亚强,E-mail:18862958161@139.com
  • 作者简介:黎源,男,主管医师,主要从事放射卫生工作。

Analysis of thyroid abnormalities in non-medical radiology workers in Nantong City

LI Yuan1, ZHONG Ende2, SUN Cheng1, JANG Zhengdong1, XU Zining1, CAO Yaqiang1()   

  1. 1 Nantong Center for Disease Control and PreventionNantongJiangsu 226000, China
    2 Qingdao Center for Disease Control and PreventionQingdaoShandong 266033, China
  • Received:2025-08-20 Revised:2025-12-30 Online:2026-11-01 Published:2026-09-04
  • Contact: CAO Yaqiang,E-mail:18862958161@139.com

摘要:

目的 分析南通市非医疗放射工作人员甲状腺异常的影响因素,为制定针对性的职业健康防护策略提供科学依据。方法 采用方便抽样,从南通市2023年5月1日—2024年4月30日的放射工作人员健康检查数据中选取916名非医疗放射工作人员作为观察组,369名从未接触过电离辐射的工作人员作为对照组,比较观察组与对照组在甲状腺结构、甲状腺功能和甲状腺异常方面是否有差异。收集观察组工作人员性别、年龄、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、接触射线工龄、吸烟、饮酒、血压、血糖及职业类别等职业健康检查资料,分析各变量对甲状腺异常的影响。结果 916名放射工作人员中甲状腺结构异常128人,占13.97%;甲状腺功能异常83人,占9.06%;甲状腺异常196人,占21.40%。观察组甲状腺结构、甲状腺功能及甲状腺异常率均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=31.148、7.272、34.850,均P<0.01)。年龄与甲状腺结构和甲状腺异常均呈正相关(r=0.109、0.107,均P<0.01);接触射线工龄与甲状腺结构、甲状腺功能和甲状腺异常均呈正相关(r=0.186、0.066、0.185,均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女性、接触射线工龄长、工业探伤组出现甲状腺结构、甲状腺功能和甲状腺异常的风险更高(均P<0.05)。结论 长期接触低剂量电离辐射对非医疗放射工作人员甲状腺异常有一定影响,应加强女性、接触射线工龄长和工业探伤放射工作人员的放射防护。

关键词: 非医疗放射工作人员, 电离辐射, 甲状腺异常, 放射防护

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of thyroid abnormalities among non-medical radiation workers in Nantong City and provide a scientific basis for developing targeted occupational health protection strategies. Methods By convenient sampling,916 non-medical radiation workers were selected as the observation group from the physical examination data of radiation workers in Nantong City from May 1,2023 to April 30,2024,and 369 workers who had never been exposed to ionizing radiation were selected as the control group. The differences in thyroid structure,thyroid function,and thyroid abnormalities between the observation group and the control group were compared. Collect the occupational health examination data such as gender,age,body mass index(BMI),length of exposure to radiation,smoking,drinking,blood pressure,blood sugar,and occupational category of the staff in the observation group,and analyze the influence of each variable on thyroid abnormalities. Results Among the 916 radiation workers,128(13.97%) had abnormal thyroid structure,83(9.06%) had abnormal thyroid function,and 196(21.40%) had abnormal thyroid. The thyroid structure,thyroid function and thyroid abnormality rate in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group,and the differences were all statistically significant(χ2=31.148,7.272,34.850,all P<0.01). Age was positively correlated with thyroid structure and thyroid abnormalities(r=0.109,0.107,both P<0.01). The length of service exposed to radiation was positively correlated with thyroid structure,thyroid function and thyroid abnormalities(r=0.186,0.066, 0.185,all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that women,those with longer exposure to radiation,and the industrial flaw detection group had a higher risk of thyroid structure,thyroid function,and thyroid abnormalities(all P<0.05). Conclusion Long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation has a certain impact on thyroid abnormalities in non-medical radiation workers. Radiation protection for women,those with long exposure to radiation,and industrial radiographic workers should be strengthened.

Key words: Non-medical radiation workers, Ionizing radiation, Thyroid abnormality, Radiation protection

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