职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (21): 2975-2979.

• 论著—学校卫生 • 上一篇    下一篇

职业本科大学护理专业学生实习前职业认同感的相关性研究

韩琪1, 陈悦1, 钟琦珑2, 胡伟娇1()   

  1. 1 浙江药科职业大学浙江 宁波 315500
    2 宁波市镇海区人民医院浙江 宁波 315200
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-21 修回日期:2025-12-10 出版日期:2026-11-01 发布日期:2026-09-04
  • 通信作者: 胡伟娇,E-mail:huweijiao@126.com
  • 作者简介:韩琪,女,在读本科生。
  • 基金资助:
    基于机器学习的大学生心理健康状况预测模型研究(校2025021)

Correlation study on the pre-internship professional identity among nursing students at vocational undergraduate universities

HAN Qi1, CHEN Yue1, ZHONG Qilong2, HU Weijiao1()   

  1. 1 Zhejiang Pharmaceutical UniversityNingboZhejiang 315500, China
    2 Ningbo Zhenhai District People's HospitalNingboZhejiang 315200, China
  • Received:2025-07-21 Revised:2025-12-10 Online:2026-11-01 Published:2026-09-04
  • Contact: HU Weijiao,E-mail:huweijiao@126.com

摘要:

目的 了解职业本科大学护理专业学生实习前的职业认同感现状,分析其与焦虑、自我效能感的相关性,并探讨影响职业认同感的因素,为护生实习前职业规划和心理健康教育提供参考。方法 2025年4月采用整群抽样法选取浙江药科职业大学即将进入临床实习的本科护生285人作为调查对象,使用一般情况问卷、护士职业认同量表、焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、一般自我效能量表(general self-efficacy scale,GSES)收集数据,并对数据进行分析。结果 285名护生实习前职业认同感平均得分为(102.73±14.01)分,77.89%的学生处于中等及以上水平;自我效能量表平均得分为(23.99±5.58)分,与职业认同感呈显著正相关(r=0.467,P<0.05);焦虑自评量表平均得分为(43.46±7.41)分,与职业认同感呈显著负相关(r=-0.312,P<0.05)。不同性别、父母或亲戚中是否有人从事医疗护理相关职业、就读护理专业的原因、毕业后的去向意愿的护理专业学生实习前职业认同感比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。性别、家庭医疗背景、就读专业原因及毕业去向意愿是职业认同感的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 职业本科大学护理专业学生实习前职业认同感整体水平较高,较高的职业认同感伴随更高的自我效能感及较低的焦虑水平。护理教育及管理者应重点关注职业认同感较低的护生群体,制定针对性干预措施,以提高其职业认同感,稳定护理队伍。

关键词: 职业本科, 护理, 临床实习, 职业认同, 焦虑, 自我效能

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status of professional identity among vocational undergraduate nursing students before internship,analyze its correlation with anxiety and self-efficacy,and explore the factors affecting professional identity,so as to provide references for nursing students' pre-internship career planning and mental health education. Methods In April 2025,a total of 285 undergraduate nursing students from Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University,who were about to enter clinical internship,were selected as the survey subjects via cluster sampling method. Conduct a survey using the general situation questionnaire,nurses' occupational identity scale,self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),and general self-efficacy scale(GSES),and the data were analyzed. Results The mean score of pre-internship occupational identity among nursing students was (102.73±14.01)points,with 77.89% of the students at a moderate or higher level. The mean score of self-efficacy was (23.99±5.58)points,showing a significant positive correlation with professional identity(r=0.467,P<0.05). The mean score of anxiety was (43.46±7.41)points,showing a significant negative correlation with professional identity(r=-0.312,P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in pre-internship professional identity among nursing students of different genders,whether parents or relatives worked in healthcare,reasons for choosing nursing,and post-graduation intentions(all P<0.05). Gender,family medical background,reason for choosing nursing,and post-graduation intention were all influencing factors of professional identity. Conclusion The overall level of pre-internship professional identity of nursing students in vocational undergraduate universities is relatively high,and higher professional identity is associated with greater self-efficacy and lower anxiety. It is suggested that nursing educators and administrators should focus on students with low professional identity and develop targeted interventions to enhance their professional identity and stabilize the nursing workforce.

Key words: Vocational undergraduate, Nursing, Clinical internship, Professional identity, Anxiety, Self-efficacy

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