职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (20): 2754-2759.

• 论著—职业卫生与职业相关疾病 • 上一篇    下一篇

金华市疾病预防控制人员职业倦怠现状及影响因素研究

庞志峰1, 金劼2, 王娟娟1(), 寿戈莉1   

  1. 1 金华市疾病预防控制中心浙江 金华 321002
    2 浙江中医药大学浙江 杭州 310053
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-16 修回日期:2026-03-23 出版日期:2026-10-15 发布日期:2026-09-14
  • 通信作者: 王娟娟,E-mail:1686276051@qq.com
  • 作者简介:庞志峰,男,主任医师,主要从事急性传染病控制和科研培训管理工作。
  • 基金资助:
    金华市科技计划项目(2024-4-177)

Research on the current situation and influencing factors of job burnout among disease prevention and control staff in Jinhua City

PANG Zhifeng1, JIN Jie2, WANG Juanjuan1(), SHOU Geli1   

  1. 1 Jinhua Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinhuaZhejiang 321002, China
    2 Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310053, China
  • Received:2026-01-16 Revised:2026-03-23 Online:2026-10-15 Published:2026-09-14
  • Contact: WANG Juanjuan,E-mail:1686276051@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解金华市疾病预防控制(疾控)人员职业倦怠现状,分析其影响因素,为制定针对性干预措施提供参考依据。方法 2024年12月—2025年2月,采用横断面研究设计,使用职业倦怠量表(Maslach burnout inventory-general survey,MBI-GS)对金华市市、县两级疾控机构工龄≥6个月的正式在编和临聘人员进行匿名普查,并对数据进行分析。结果 915名疾控人员职业倦怠、情绪衰竭、人格解体、低个人成就感得分[MP25P75)]分别为2.13(1.61,2.59)、1.80(1.20,2.20)、1.50(1.00,2.00)和3.17(2.33,3.83)分。检出职业倦怠728人(79.56%),其中轻中度职业倦怠673人(73.55%),重度职业倦怠55人(6.01%)。职称/职级、年收入、健康状况及平均每天睡眠时长均是职业倦怠的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。初级/科员、中级/主任科员(3~4级)、副高/主任科员(1~2级)发生职业倦怠的风险分别是无职称/职级的2.957(95%CI:1.434~6.097)、3.176(95%CI:1.429~7.059)和5.070倍(95%CI:1.808~14.218);与年收入1~<6万元者相比,年收入≥21万者发生职业倦怠的风险更低(OR=0.327,95%CI:0.109~0.976);与健康状况非常好的员工相比,健康状况较好(OR=1.961,95%CI:1.237~3.108)、健康状况一般/较差者(OR=3.046,95%CI:1.768~5.248)发生职业倦怠的风险更高;与平均每天睡眠时间<7 h者相比,平均每天睡眠时间≥7 h者发生职业倦怠的风险更低(OR=0.653,95%CI:0.438~0.973)。结论 金华市疾控人员职业倦怠问题较为普遍,职称/职级、收入水平、健康状况及平均每天睡眠时长对倦怠发生有显著影响,相关部门及疾控机构需有针对性地采取措施,如优化晋升制度、推动薪酬改革、加强健康管理与健康教育,缓解员工职业倦怠,从而促进疾控事业高质量发展。

关键词: 疾病预防控制人员, 职业倦怠, 检出率, 现况调查, 影响因素, 职业倦怠量表

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current status of job burnout among staff in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDCs) in Jinhua City,analyze its influencing factors,and to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted intervention measures. Methods From December 2024 to February 2025,a cross-sectional study design was conducted using the Maslach burnout inventory general survey(MBI-GS) to anonymously assess burnout among official and contract staff with a tenure of ≥6 months at municipal and county-level CDCs in Jinhua City,and the data were analyzed. Results The MP25P75) scores for job burnout,emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,and low personal accomplishment among 915 CDC staff were 2.13(1.61,2.59),1.80(1.20,2.20),1.50(1.00,2.00),and 3.17(2.33,3.83)points,respectively. Job burnout was detected in 728 participants(79.56%),including 673 cases(73.55%) of mild-to-moderate burnout and 55 cases(6.01%) of severe burnout. Professional title/rank,annual income,health status,and average daily sleep duration were all independent influencing factors of job burnout(all P<0.05). Compared with staff without a professional title/ranke,the risk of job burnout was 2.957 times higher among those with primary rank/staff member title(OR=2.957,95%CI:1.434-6.097),3.176 times higher among those with intermediate rank/chief staff member title(Grade 3-4)(OR=3.176,95%CI:1.429-7.059),and 5.070 times higher among those with associate senior rank/chief staff member title(Grade 1-2)(OR=5.070,95%CI:1.808-14.218).Compared with staff earning 10 000-<60 000 yuan annually,those with an annual income of ≥210 000 yuan had a lower risk of job burnout(OR=0.327,95%CI:0.109-0.976). Compared with staff in very good health,those in good health(OR=1.961,95%CI:1.237-3.108) and those in fair/poor health(OR=3.046,95%CI:1.768-5.248) had a higher risk of job burnout. Additionally,participants with an average daily sleep duration of ≥7 hours had a lower risk of job burnout than those with <7 hours(OR=0.653,95%CI:0.438-0.973). Conclusion Job burnout is prevalent among CDC staff in Jinhua City and is significantly associated with professional title/rank,income level,health status,and daily sleep duration. Relevant departments and CDC need to take targeted measures,such as optimizing the promotion system,promoting salary reform,and strengthening health management and health education to alleviate job burnout,thereby promoting the high-quality development of disease control and prevention undertakings.

Key words: Disease prevention and control staff, Job burnout, Detection rate, Status survey, Influencing factors, Maslach burnout inventory-general survey

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