职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (16): 2235-2239.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2022年安徽省城乡居民传染病防治素养现状及影响因素分析

符院生1, 许德1, 谢建嵘1, 王志敏1, 夏元睿1, 范引光2   

  1. 1.安徽省疾病预防控制中心健康教育促进所,安徽 合肥 230601;
    2.安徽医科大学流行病与卫生统计学系,安徽 合肥 230032
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-02 修回日期:2025-01-14 出版日期:2025-08-15 发布日期:2025-12-13
  • 通信作者: 范引光,副教授,E-mail:fanyinguang@163.com
  • 作者简介:符院生,男,医师,主要从事健康教育与健康促进工作。
  • 基金资助:
    大健康研究院健康大数据与群体医学研究所专项(JKS2022003); 2023中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心研究项目(2023-CG-丙型肝炎与性病防治室-028); 2023年度安徽省疾病预防控制中心青年科研项目(JKQN20230111)

Current status and influencing factors of infectious disease prevention and control literacy among urban and rural residents in Anhui Province in 2022

FU Yuansheng1, XU De1, XIE Jianrong1, WANG Zhimin1, XIA Yuanrui1, FAN Yinguang2   

  1. 1. Department of Health Education,Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei,Anhui 230601,China;
    2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,Anhui Medical University,Hefei,Anhui 230032,China
  • Received:2025-01-02 Revised:2025-01-14 Online:2025-08-15 Published:2025-12-13
  • Contact: FAN Yinguang,Associate professor,E-mail:fanyinguang@163.com

摘要: 目的 了解2022年安徽省城乡居民传染病防治素养水平,探讨相关影响因素,为提升居民传染病防控能力提供依据。方法 2022年6—9月,采用分层、多阶段、简单随机与人口规模大小成比例抽样(probability proportionate to size sampling,PPS)相结合的方法,对安徽省38个监测点的15~69岁常住城乡居民进行问卷调查。结果 共调查16 080人,其中城市7 648人,占47.56%,农村8 432人,占52.44%,经加权调整,2022年安徽省城乡居民传染病防治素养水平为22.33%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,文化程度、年龄、职业及是否吸烟是安徽省城乡居民传染病防治素养的影响因素。与不识字/识字很少相比,小学、初中、高中/职高/中专、大专/本科及以上的OR值分别为2.182(95%CI:1.678~2.839)、4.167(95%CI:3.247~5.348)、6.201(95%CI:4.759~8.081)和9.535(95%CI:7.286~12.480);以65~69岁年龄组为参照,15~<25、25~<35、35~<45、45~<55和55~<65岁年龄组OR值分别为2.470(95%CI:1.889~3.230)、2.315(95%CI:1.796~2.984)、2.275(95%CI:1.767~2.929)、2.010(95%CI:1.567~2.577)和1.529(95%CI:1.182~1.977);与吸烟相比,不吸烟的OR值为1.199(95%CI:1.083~1.327);与农民相比,公务员/事业单位人员和其他人员的OR值分别为1.184(95%CI:1.026~1.368)和1.212(95%CI:1.062~1.384)。结论 安徽省城乡居民传染病防治素养处于较低水平,在今后传染病防治健康教育与促进工作中,应针对老年人、文化程度较低者、农民等重点人群以及存在的薄弱环节,制定针对性干预措施,以确保公众能全面、准确地掌握传染病防控相关知识和技能,进而推动传染病防治素养水平的提高。

关键词: 传染病防治素养, 居民, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the level of infectious disease prevention and control literacy among urban and rural residents in Anhui Province in 2022,explore related influencing factors,and provide evidence for enhancing residents' ability to prevent and control infectious diseases. Methods From June to September 2022,a stratified,multi-stage,simple random sampling method combined with probability proportionate to size sampling(PPS) was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among permanent urban and rural residents aged 15-69 years old in 38 monitoring sites in Anhui Province. Results A total of 16 080 people were surveyed,including 7 648(47.56%) in urban areas and 8 432(52.44%) in rural areas. After weighted adjustment,the level of infectious disease prevention and control literacy among residents in Anhui Province in 2022 was 22.33%. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that education level,age,occupation,and smoking were the influencing factors of infectious disease prevention and control literacy among urban and rural residents in Anhui Province. Compared with the illiterate/less literate,the OR values of primary school,junior high school,senior high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school,college/bachelor degree and above were 2.182(95%CI:1.678-2.839),4.167(95%CI:3.247-5.348),6.201(95%CI:4.759-8.081) and 9.535(95%CI:7.286-12.480),respectively. Compared with the 65-69 year-old age group,the OR values of 15-<25,25-<35,35-<45,45-<55 and 55-<65 year-old age group were 2.470(95%CI:1.889-3.230),2.315(95%CI:1.796-2.984),2.275(95%CI:1.767-2.929),2.010(95%CI:1.567-2.577) and 1.529(95%CI:1.182-1.977),respectively. Compared with smoking,the OR value of non-smoking was 1.199(95%CI:1.083-1.327). Compared with farmers,the OR values of civil servants/personnel of public institutions and other were 1.184(95%CI:1.026-1.368) and 1.212(95%CI:1.062-1.384),respectively. Conclusion The level of infectious disease prevention and control literacy among urban and rural residents in Anhui Province is relatively low,and factors such as educational level,age,and occupation are important influencing factors of infectious disease prevention and control literacy.

Key words: Infectious disease prevention and control literacy, Residents, Influencing factors

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