关键词: 制造业, 职业病危害因素, 监测

Abstract: Objective To analyze the monitoring results of occupational hazards factors in the manufacturing industry in Sichuan Province,in order to provide scientific basis for the special governance of occupational hazards in the manufacturing industry. Methods The occupational hazard factors and monitoring results of 630 manufacturing employers in Sichuan Province in 2023 were summarized and analyzed by using the workplace occupational hazard factors monitoring system. Results Totally 630 manufacturing employers were distributed in 12 industries such as non-metallic mineral products industry,furniture manufacturing industry and metal products industry,mainly small and micro enterprises（86.3%）. A total of 4 458 posts were monitored,and 582 posts exceeded the standard,with a exceedance rate of 13.1%. There was a statistically significant difference in the exceedance rates of different occupational hazard factors（χ²=192.502,P<0.01）. The main types of positions that exceeded the standard were noise and dust,with a exceedance rate of over 15%,and the exceedance rates of chemical toxicant post were the lowest,only 2.4%. There were statistically significant differences in the exceedance rates of dust（χ²=61.13,P<0.01）,chemical toxicants（χ²=22.923,P<0.01） and noise（χ²=35.273,P<0.01） across different industries. The industry with the highest rate of dust concentration exceeding the standard was non-metallic mineral products industry,which was 26.9%. The industry with the highest rate of chemical poison concentration exceeding the standard was the metal products industry,which was 6.7%. The industry with the highest rate of noise intensity exceeding the standard was general equipment manufacturing,which was 24.1%. Among the 12 industries,there were 11 industries of dust hazards,the highest rate of exceedance was silica dust（22.3%）,and the industry with the highest exceedance rate was the general equipment manufacturing industry,with an exceedance rate of 47.1%. There were also 11 industries of harmful chemicals,and the differences between the detection rate and the exceedance rate were statistically significant（χ²=64.719,31.455,both P<0.01）. Manganese and its inorganic compounds had the highest detection rate and exceedance rate,which were 74.8% and 7.8%,respectively. Conclusion The occupational hazards that Sichuan Province's manufacturing industry should pay attention to are noise,silica dust,manganese and its inorganic compounds. Employers need to pay attention to the rationality of the installation of protective facilities,and gradually improve the intelligent rate of processes and equipment,so as to reduce occupational exposure of workers

Key words: Manufacturing industry, Occupational hazard factors, Monitor