铜合金工件抛光作业粉尘扩散数值模拟研究

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (17): 2310-2317.

铜合金工件抛光作业粉尘扩散数值模拟研究

王陆阳^1,2, 杨斌^2,3, 毕明丽¹, 王晓舜¹, 陈振芳^1,2, 丁晓文^1,2

1.北京市职业病防治院职业健康研究所,北京 100093;
2.国家卫生健康委粉尘危害工程防护重点实验室,北京 102308;
3.中国安全生产科学研究院职业危害研究所,北京 100012

收稿日期:2024-12-23 修回日期:2025-01-20 出版日期:2025-09-01 发布日期:2025-12-13
通信作者: 丁晓文,研究员,E-mail：dxwen1124@163.com
作者简介:王陆阳,男,工程师,主要从事劳动卫生与职业健康研究工作。
基金资助:
国家卫生健康委粉尘危害工程防护重点实验室开放课题资助项目（KLECDH2023030201）

Study on numerical simulation of dust diffusion during polishing of copper alloy

WANG Luyang^1,2, YANG Bin^2,3, BI Mingli¹, WANG Xiaoshun¹, CHEN Zhenfang^1,2, DING Xiaowen^1,2

1. Institute of Occupational Health,Beijing Prevention and Treatment Hospital of Occupational Disease,Beijing 100093,China;
2. NHC key Laboratory for Engineering Control of Dust Hazard,Beijing 102308,China;
3. Institute of Occupational Hazards,China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China

Received:2024-12-23 Revised:2025-01-20 Online:2025-09-01 Published:2025-12-13
Contact: DING Xiaowen,Researcher,E-mail：dxwen1124@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的研究北京市某机械制造企业抛光间铜合金工件抛光作业粉尘扩散规律,分析现有通风设施的有效性,为后续职业卫生工程治理提供理论支撑。方法 2024年2月,基于双向耦合离散相模型,利用数值模拟软件对北京市某机械制造企业抛光间内铜合金粉尘扩散特性进行仿真研究,分析对比实测数值与模拟数值的差异。结果三维模型网格总数量1.136×10¹⁰个,平均网格质量0.84。空气流动效果受粉尘扩散产生的气流、门窗和车间内设备布局影响,人员操作位处风速约为0.04~0.06 m/s。抛光台的工作面粉尘最高浓度达50 mg/m³,粉尘浓度随与抛光台距离增加而降低。实测值与模拟值变化趋势基本吻合,偏差范围-5.64%~10.63%。结论抛光车间粉尘主要在抛光台周围、墙角涡流区域内蓄积,其中抛光台北侧粉尘与作业人员呼吸带重叠。现有通风条件下难以对粉尘进行有效控制,应优先考虑移动式局部排风系统,若设置固定式局部排风系统应考虑涡流和逆流区域的影响。

关键词: 铜尘, 数值模拟, 粉尘扩散, 通风除尘

Abstract: Objective To study the dust diffusion law of copper alloy workpiece polishing operation in a mechanical manufacturing enterprise in Beijing,analyze the effectiveness of existing ventilation facilities,and to provide theoretical support for occupational health engineering governance. Methods In February 2024,based on the bi-directional coupling discrete phase model,the diffusion characteristics of copper alloy dust in the polishing workshop of a machinery manufacturing enterprise were simulated by numerical simulation software,and the differences between the measured values and the simulated values were analyzed and compared. Results The total number of mesh in the 3D model was 1.136×10⁶ million,and the average mesh quality was 0.84. The air flow effect was affected by the air flow generated by dust diffusion,doors and windows,and the equipment layout in the workshop,and the wind speed at the personnel operating position was about 0.04-0.06 m/s. The maximum concentration of dust on the working surface of the polishing table was 50 mg/m³,and the dust concentration decreased with the increase of the distance from the polishing table. The variation trend of the measured values was basically consistent with that of the simulated values,and the deviation range was -5.64%-10.63%. Conclusion The dust in the polishing workshop mainly accumulates around the polishing table and in the corner eddy current area,among which the dust on the north side of the polishing table overlaps with the breathing belt of the operator. It is difficult to control dust effectively under the existing ventilation conditions,and priority should be given to the mobile local exhaust system. If a fixed local exhaust system is set up,the influence of eddy current and countercurrent area should be considered.

Key words: Copper dust, Numerical simulation, Dust diffusion, Ventilation dust removal

中图分类号:

R134⁺.1

王陆阳, 杨斌, 毕明丽, 王晓舜, 陈振芳, 丁晓文. 铜合金工件抛光作业粉尘扩散数值模拟研究. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(17): 2310-2317.

WANG Luyang, YANG Bin, BI Mingli, WANG Xiaoshun, CHEN Zhenfang, DING Xiaowen. Study on numerical simulation of dust diffusion during polishing of copper alloy. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(17): 2310-2317.

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