山西省火力发电行业劳动者生存质量及其影响因素研究

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (19): 2655-2660.

山西省火力发电行业劳动者生存质量及其影响因素研究

申歆瑜^1ab, 张文珍², 秦文彦², 马效东², 李秀萍², 郭支喜^1ab,3

1.山西医科大学a医学科学院,b公共卫生学院劳动卫生教研室,山西太原 030001;
2.山西省疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制科,山西太原 030012;
3.山西省卫健委监督检查中心,山西太原 030045

收稿日期:2025-01-06 修回日期:2025-01-20 出版日期:2025-10-01 发布日期:2025-12-13
通信作者: 郭支喜,主任医师,E-mail：1390536024@qq.com
作者简介:申歆瑜,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为职业卫生。

Research on the quality of life and influencing factors of workers in thermal power generation industry in Shanxi Province

SHEN Xinyu^1ab, ZHANG Wenzhen², QIN Wenyan², MA Xiaodong², LI Xiuping², GUO Zhixi^1ab,3

1. a Academy of Medical Sciences,b Department of Labor Health,School of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China;
2. Department of Occupational Health and Poisoning Control,Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030012,China;
3. Shanxi Provincial Health Commission Supervision and Inspection Center,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030045,China

Received:2025-01-06 Revised:2025-01-20 Online:2025-10-01 Published:2025-12-13
Contact: GUO Zhixi,Chief physician,E-mail：1390536024@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解山西省火力发电行业劳动者生存质量及其影响因素,为进一步提升工人生存质量和开展干预活动提供科学依据。方法 2023—2024年,按照多阶段抽样方法,使用自制一般情况调查表和世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表（WHO quality of life-BREF;WHOQOL-BREF）中文版,对随机抽取山西省19家火力发电行业的899名一线劳动者进行调查,从生理、心理、社会和环境4个维度与自评得分评价火力工人的生存质量。结果 899名调查对象中,420人（占46.7%）感觉自身生存质量好或者很好,541人（占60.2%）满意或者很满意自己的健康状况,生存质量生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域、环境领域及自评得分[M（P₂₅,P₇₅）]分别为71.43（60.71,78.57）、66.67（58.33,79.17）、75.00（58.33,75.00）、59.38（53.12, 68.75）和89.00（80.00,90.00）分。生存质量4个维度与自评得分均呈正相关（r=0.487~0.542,均P<0.01）。性别、文化程度、平均月收入、每周体育锻炼频率、是否有呼吸系统疾病、是否主动获取健康知识、接触有害因素种类、对单位福利的满意程度等因素与生存质量的1个或多个领域或自评得分有关系,各维度得分差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论山西省火力发电行业劳动者的生存质量有待进一步提高,可通过提高工人收入水平和企业福利、改善工作环境、合理安排工作时间等措施提高工人的生存质量。

关键词: 生存质量, 火力发电行业, 世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the quality of life of workers in the thermal power industry in Shanxi Province and its influencing factors,and to provide a scientific basis for further improving the quality of workers' living and carrying out intervention activities. Methods From 2023 to 2024,according to the multi-stage sampling method,899 front-line workers in 19 thermal power generation industries in Shanxi Province were randomly selected using the self-made general situation questionnaire and the quality of life scale（WHOQOL-BREF Chinese version）,and the quality of life of thermal workers was evaluated from four dimensions：physiological,psychological,social and environmental,along with self-assessment scores. Results Among the 899 respondents,420（46.7%） felt that their survival quality was good or very good,and 541（60.2%） were satisfied or very satisfied with their health. The quality of life physiology,psychology,social relations,environment and self-assessment scores M（P₂₅,P₇₅） were 71.43（60.71,78.57）,66.67（58.33,79.17）,75.00（58.33,75.00）,59.38（53.12,68.75） and 89.00（80.00,90.00）points,respectively. The four dimensions of quality of life were positively correlated with self-assessment scores（r=0.487-0.542,all P<0.01）. Gender,education level,average monthly income,weekly physical exercise frequency,whether there were respiratory diseases,whether to actively acquire health knowledge,types of exposure to harmful factors,satisfaction with unit welfare and other factors were related to one or more areas or self-assessment scores of the quality of life,and the differences in scores in each dimension were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The quality of life of workers in the thermal power generation industry in Shanxi Province needs to be further improved,and the quality of life of workers can be improved by improving the income level of workers and enterprise welfare,improving the working environment,and arranging working hours reasonably.

Key words: Quality of life, Thermal power generation industry, WHOQOL-BREF scale, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

申歆瑜, 张文珍, 秦文彦, 马效东, 李秀萍, 郭支喜. 山西省火力发电行业劳动者生存质量及其影响因素研究. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(19): 2655-2660.

SHEN Xinyu, ZHANG Wenzhen, QIN Wenyan, MA Xiaodong, LI Xiuping, GUO Zhixi. Research on the quality of life and influencing factors of workers in thermal power generation industry in Shanxi Province. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(19): 2655-2660.

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