闽北地区稻谷中重金属污染及健康风险评估

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (20): 2760-2764.

闽北地区稻谷中重金属污染及健康风险评估

罗翠婷, 李武韬, 江虹

南平市疾病预防控制中心理化检验科,福建南平 353000

收稿日期:2025-01-19 修回日期:2025-01-26 发布日期:2025-12-15
通信作者: 江虹,副主任技师,E-mail：20146352@qq.com
作者简介:罗翠婷,女,副主任技师,主要从事理化检验工作。

Heavy metal pollution and health risk assessment in rice in northern Fujian Province

LUO Cuiting, LI Wutao, JIANG Hong

Department of Physical and Chemical Laboratory,Nanping Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanping,Fujian 353000,China

Received:2025-01-19 Revised:2025-01-26 Published:2025-12-15
Contact: JIANG Hong,Deputy chief technician,E-mail：20146352@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查分析闽北地区自产稻谷中铅（Pb）、总汞（Hg）、总砷（As）、镉（Cd）4种元素的含量以及污染状况,并进行健康风险评估。方法 2024年7—11月在闽北地区 10 个县市采集300份本地种植的新鲜稻谷样本,按GB 5009.268—2016《食品中多元素的测定》和GB 5009.17—2021《食品中总汞及有机汞的测定》进行了铅、总汞、总砷和镉含量的检测与分析,选取铅、总汞、总砷和镉的重金属指标监测数据,采用单因子污染指数P_i和内梅罗综合污染指数P_综合进行重金属污染指数评价,用化学致癌物健康风险评估模型评估人体摄入稻谷的健康风险。结果 300 份自产稻谷样本中铅、总汞、总砷和镉含量均值分别为 0.026、0.004、0.106和0.048 mg/kg,P_i和P_综合均<1.0,判断稻米中的4种重金属处于安全水平。总风险系数（total target hazard factor,TTHQ）和总目标致癌风险系数（total target carcinogenic risk factor,TTCR）均小于国际辐射防护委员会（International Commission for Radiation Protection,ICRP）推荐的数值（5×10^-5/年）,人群健康风险处于可接受水平。结论闽北地区稻谷中的铅、镉、总砷和总汞含量基本处于国家限量标准范围内,但仍需关注其潜在风险,加强农田环境保护与稻谷质量监测。

关键词: 稻谷, 重金属, 污染, 健康风险评估

Abstract: Objective To investigate and analyze the content and pollution status of lead(Pb),total mercury(Hg),total arsenic(As) and cadmium(Cd) in the rice produced in northern Fujian,and to conduct health risk assessment. Methods Totally 300 locally grown fresh rice samples were collected from 10 counties and cities in northern Fujian from July to November 2024. Thelead,total mercury,total arsenic and cadmium were detected and analyzed according to GB 5009.268-2016 "Determination of many elements in food" and GB 5009.17-2021 "Determination of total mercury and organic mercury in food".The monitoring data of heavy metal indexes of lead,total mercury,total arsenic and cadmium were selected,the heavy metal pollution index was evaluated by the single factor pollution index Pi and the Nemero comprehensive pollution index P,and the health risk of human rice intake was evaluated by the health risk assessment model of chemical carcinogens. Results The mean contents of lead,total mercury,total arsenic and cadmium in 300 self-produced rice samples were 0.026、0.004、0.106 and 0.048 mg/kg,respectively. The single factor pollution index and Nemero comprehensive pollution index were less than 1.0,indicating that the four heavy metals in rice were at a safe level. The total target hazard factor(TTHQ) and the total target carcinogenic risk factor(TTCR) were less than the values recommended by the International Commission for Radiation Protection(ICRP)(5×10^-5 /year),and the population health risk was at an acceptable level. Conclusion The total arsenic,total mercury,lead and cadmium mercury in rice in northern Fujian is basically within the national limit standard,but it is still necessary to pay attention to the potential risks,and farmland environmental protection and rice quality monitoring should be strengthened.

Key words: Rice, Heavy metals, Pollution, Health risk assessment

中图分类号:

R155.5⁺2

罗翠婷, 李武韬, 江虹. 闽北地区稻谷中重金属污染及健康风险评估. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(20): 2760-2764.

LUO Cuiting, LI Wutao, JIANG Hong. Heavy metal pollution and health risk assessment in rice in northern Fujian Province. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(20): 2760-2764.

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