天津市急性呼吸道感染病例中鼻病毒感染特征分析

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (20): 2828-2832.

天津市急性呼吸道感染病例中鼻病毒感染特征分析

杨杰^a, 吴明琨^bc, 董晓春^a, 苏承^a, 李琳^a

天津市疾病预防控制中心 a 传染病预防控制所, b 微生物检验检测所, c 天津市传染病病原微生物重点实验室,天津 300011

收稿日期:2025-01-05 修回日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2025-12-15
通信作者: 李琳,主任医师,E-mail：lilin801@126.com
作者简介:杨杰,男,医师,主要从事急性呼吸道传染病预防控制工作。
基金资助:
国家疾病预防控制局公共卫生人才培养支持项目; 天津市医学重点学科项目（TJYXZDXK-050A）; 天津市卫生健康科技项目（TJWJ2023XK030）

Analysis of rhinovirus infection characteristics in acute respiratory infections in Tianjin City

YANG Jie^a, WU Mingkun^bc, DONG Xiaochun^a, SU Cheng^a, LI Lin^a

a Institute for Communicable Disease Prevention and Control,b Microbiology Testing Institute,c Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology of Infectious Disease,Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300011,China

Received:2025-01-05 Revised:2025-01-20 Published:2025-12-15
Contact: LI Lin,Chief physician,E-mail：lilin801@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探究2023—2024年度流行性感冒（流感）流行期天津市急性呼吸道感染病例中鼻病毒（human rhinovirus,HRV）流行情况及住院病例感染特征,为今后HRV感染防治工作提供参考。方法 2023—2024年度流感流行期内,在天津市4家医院中选取868例门急诊流感样病例和538例住院严重急性呼吸道感染病例,采集咽拭子进行多重RT-PCR方法检测包含HRV在内的9种常见呼吸道病毒,并收集HRV检测阳性住院病例临床资料。结果 2023—2024年度流感流行期内,1 396例急性呼吸道感染病例共检出HRV阳性病例65例,阳性检出率4.66%。HRV检出率随年龄增加呈波动下降趋势（χ²=5.595,P<0.05）,10~<20岁年龄组检出率最高,为6.63%;门急诊流感样病例HRV检出率高于住院严重急性呼吸道感染病例,且二者之间差异有统计学意义（χ²=3.947,P<0.05）。所有病例合并检出中,HRV合并其他病毒检出为主要类型,占38.46%,而HRV合并检出中以合并肠道病毒（enterovirus,EV）检出为主。住院急性呼吸道感染病例中HRV阳性检出仅见于0~<14岁低年龄人群（70.59%）和≥55岁高年龄人群（29.41%）,临床表现以咳嗽、咳痰为主,所有病例均有肺部影像学改变。结论 2023—2024年天津市度流感流行期内HRV为急性呼吸道感染病例常见检出的病原体,免疫力较差的低年龄组和高年龄组人群是HRV感染导致住院的主要人群,应开展持续性监测,予以重点关注并制定相应的防控策略。

关键词: 急性呼吸道感染, 鼻病毒, 感染特征

Abstract: Objective To explore the prevalence of human rhinovirus(HRV) in acute respiratory infection(ARI) and the infection characteristics of hospitalized cases in Tianjin during the influenza epidemic period in 2023-2024,and provide reference for the prevention and control of HRV infection in the future. Methods During the influenza epidemic period in 2023-2024,868 outpatient and emergency influenza-like patients and 538 inpatients with acute respiratory infection were selected from 4 hospitals in Tianjin,and throat swabs were collected. Multiple RT-PCR method was used to detect 9 common respiratory viruses including HRV and clinical data of hospitalized cases with positive HRV test were collected. Results A total of 65 cases of HRV positive cases were detected in 1 396 cases of ARI,with a positive detection rate of 4.66%. The detection rate of HRV decreased with the increase of age(χ²=5.595,P<0.05),and the highest detection rate was found in the age group of 10-<20 years(6.63%). The detection rate of HRV in influenza-like illness in outpatient and emergency departments was higher than that in severe acute respiratory infection cases,and the difference between them was statistically significant(P<0.05). In all cases,HRV combined with other viruses was the main type,accounting for 38.46%,while enterovirus(EV) was the main type in HRV combined detection. The positive detection of HRV in hospitalized cases of ARI was found in the groups of under 14 years old(70.59%) and over 55 years old(29.41%). The clinical manifestations were mainly cough and expectoration,and all cases had lung imaging changes. Conclusion In the influenza epidemic period of 2023-2024 in Tianjin,HRV infection is the common pathogen detected with influenza-like symptoms. The low and high age groups with poor immunity are the key groups of hospitalization caused by HRV infection. Continuous monitoring should be carried out,and the corresponding prevention and control strategies should be paid attention to and formulated.

Key words: Acute respiratory infections（ARI）, Rhinovirus, Infection characteristics

中图分类号:

R183.3

杨杰, 吴明琨, 董晓春, 苏承, 李琳. 天津市急性呼吸道感染病例中鼻病毒感染特征分析. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(20): 2828-2832.

YANG Jie, WU Mingkun, DONG Xiaochun, SU Cheng, LI Lin. Analysis of rhinovirus infection characteristics in acute respiratory infections in Tianjin City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(20): 2828-2832.

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