老年人慢性病与跌倒相关性的meta分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的通过meta分析探讨老年人慢性病与跌倒之间的相关性,以评估慢性病对老年人跌倒风险的影响。方法检索CNKI、万方、维普、CBM、Embase、PubMed、WOS等数据库,检索时间为建库至2025年1月1日。选取符合入选标准年龄≥60岁的老年人为研究对象,所选研究包括队列研究和病例对照研究。采用RevMan 5.3软件进行数据分析,以汇总老年人的跌倒率,并分析慢性病与跌倒的相关性。为确保研究质量,使用NOS（newcastle-ottawa scale）评分系统进行评价。结果老年人的跌倒率达到24%,并且在众多慢性疾病中,糖尿病（OR=1.20,95%CI：1.12~1.29）、高血脂（OR=1.10,95%CI：1.02~1.19）、焦虑或抑郁（OR=1.43,95%CI：1.31~1.57）、认知功能障碍（OR=1.41,95%CI：1.17~1.69）、睡眠障碍（OR=1.75,95%CI：1.25~2.47）、心血管疾病（OR=1.18,95%CI：1.08~1.28）、脑血管疾病（OR=1.53,95%CI：1.36~1.73）、呼吸系统疾病（OR=1.11,95%CI：1.06~1.15）、骨关节炎（OR=1.40,95%CI：1.30~1.50）、骨质疏松症（OR=1.31,95%CI：1.19~1.44）及视力（OR=1.23,95%CI：1.15~1.33）和听力（OR=1.62,95%CI：1.34~1.96）障碍是老年人跌倒的危险因素。结论在众多慢性疾病中,睡眠障碍、听力障碍以及脑血管疾病等因素对老年人跌倒的影响尤其显著,所以老年人保持充足的睡眠和健康的身体非常重要。

关键词: 老年人, 慢性病, 意外跌倒, 危险因素, Meta分析

Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation between chronic diseases and falls in older adults through meta-analysis,so as to evaluate the impact of chronic diseases on the risk of falls in older adults. Methods Search CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,CBM,Embase,PubMed,WOS,and other databases,with the search time being from the establishment of the database to January 1,2025. Older adults aged 60 years and older who met the inclusion criteria were selected as study subjects,and the selected studies included cohort studies and case-control studies. RevMan 5.3 software was used for data analysis to summarize the fall rate of the elderly and explore the correlation between chronic diseases and falls. To ensure the quality of the studies,the Newcastle-Ottawa scale(NOS) scoring system was used for evaluation. Results The fall rate of the elderly reached 24%,and among many chronic diseases,diabetes mellitus(OR=1.20,95% CI：1.12-1.29), hyperlipidemia(OR=1.10,95% CI：1.02-1.19), anxiety or depression(OR=1.43,95% CI：1.31-1.57), cognitive dysfunction(OR=1.41,95% CI：1.17-1.69), sleep disturbance(OR=1.75,95% CI：1.25-2.47), cardiovascular disease(OR=1.18,95% CI：1.08-1.28), cerebrovascular disease(OR=1.53,95% CI：1.36-1.73), respiratory disease(OR=1.11,95% CI：1.06-1.15), osteoarthritis(OR=1.40,95% CI：1.30-1.50), osteoporosis(OR=1.31,95% CI：1.19-1.44) and visual impairments(OR=1.23,95% CI：1.15-1.33), and hearing(OR=1.62,95% CI：1.34-1.96) impairments increased the risk of falls in older adults. Conclusion Among many chronic diseases, sleep disorders, hearing impairment and cerebrovascular diseases have a particularly significant impact on falls in the elderly,so it is very important for the elderly to maintain adequate sleep and a healthy body.

Key words: Elderly, Chronic disease, Accidental falls, Risk factors, Meta-analysis

中图分类号:

R181.2

王伟鸿, 韩蕊, 牛森, 宋宏颖, 齐金芳. 老年人慢性病与跌倒相关性的meta分析. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(22): 3143-3148.

WANG Weihong, HAN Rui, NIU Sen, SONG Hongying, QI Jinfang. Meta-analysis on the correlation between chronic disease and falls in older adults. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(22): 3143-3148.

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