关键词: 尘肺病, 随访调查, 回顾性调查

Abstract: Objective To analyze the characteristics,trends and regularities of pneumoconiosis in a district of Tianjin,understand the health status and security status of patients with pneumoconiosis,so as to provide a basis for formulating the protection policy for pneumoconiosis patients in the district. Methods A follow-up and retrospective survey was conducted on 1 780 pneumoconiosis patients reported in a district of Tianjin by the end of 2022,and a descriptive analysis was performed on the age at onset,dust exposure time,gender,types of pneumoconiosis,industry distribution,and social security coverage among pneumoconiosis patients. Results Totally 1 780 patients were included in the present study. The differences in genders and stages of pneumoconiosis were statistically significant（all P<0.01）. There were statistically significant differences in different age,dust exposure time,and stages of pneumoconiosis（all P<0.01）. The number of patients with asbestosis and foundry pneumoconiosis was the largest,which were 1 005 cases（6.46%） and 614 cases（28.88%）,respectively. The number of new pneumoconiosis cases reached two peaks in the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" and "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" periods,which were 298 cases and 341 cases,respectively. Among the 1 704 surviving patients,there were statistically significant differences in age distribution and working age distribution between sex groups（χ²=18.442,45.884,both P<0.01）. There were statistically significant differences in the benefits of work-related injury insurance,employer compensation,and basic medical insurance among different types,sizes,and categories of enterprises（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The prevention and control of pneumoconiosis in a district of Tianjin has made remarkable progress and results,but the prevention and control situation is still grim,so further attention should be paid to graded diagnosis and treatment on the basis of strengthening supervision,and the social security measures should be increased,to improve the quality of life of patients in the future.

Key words: Pneumoconiosis, Follow-up surveys, Retrospective study