关键词: 多金属矿山, 采矿, 职业接触, 职业病危害

Abstract: Objective To identify the occupational hazards existing in workplace in the polymetallic mining construction project,understand the current situation of occupational hazards in small metal mines,evaluate the exposure level of operators exposed to occupational hazards,and put forward feasible occupational hazard control measures and countermeasures. Methods In June 2023,the staff of Qinghai Coal Mining Design and Research Institute Limited Liability Company（QCDRI） used the occupational health survey method and occupational health testing method to comprehensively evaluate the occupational hazards in the workplace of a polymetallic mining construction project in Dulan County of Qinghai Province. Results During the drilling operation of the driller in the underground working face,the time-weighted average concentration of silica dust exposure was 2.60 mg/m³,the 40 h equivalent sound level intensity of noise exposure was 105.4 dB（A）,and the 4 h frequency weighted vibration acceleration value of the contacted hand-transmitted vibration was 8.6 m/s²,which exceeded the requirements of the occupational exposure limit value. The concentration（intensity） of the other job exposure to occupational hazards factors met the requirements of the occupational exposure limit value. Conclusions The metal mine workplaces have a poor environment and are prone to occupational hazards,especially in the drilling work process where the concentration（strength） of exposure to occupational disease hazards seriously exceeds the standard. After the construction project is put into operation,the employer should take measures such as reforming the process,prioritizing equipment,and optimizing the occupational disease protection facilities for the drilling workplaces in the underground,in order to mitigate the impact of occupational disease hazards on workers' health generated during the production process. At the same time,it should set up occupational hazards and protection signs in the workplaces,equip workers with effective personal protective equipment,provide occupational hygiene training for workers,take regular workplace monitoring,occupational health surveillance and other actions to strengthen management,and it is expected that,during the normal operation of the construction project,it will be possible to effectively control occupational disease hazards and prevent occupational diseases,and to achieve the goal of protecting workers' health.

Key words: Polymetallic mine, Mining, Occupational exposure, Occupational hazards