本科护生职业认同现状及影响因素的混合性分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查本科护生职业认同现状,分析影响因素,提出本科不同阶段护生职业认同的干预策略,为高校及临床本科护生教育与管理工作提供参考依据。方法 2023年1—6月,采用一般资料调查表、《护生职业认同问卷》《护生职业自我效能量表》及《领悟社会支持量表》,整群抽取北京科技大学天津学院护理学专业4个年级的402名护理本科生进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果护生职业认同感总均分为（57.48±11.90）分,护生职业自我效能量表总均分为（88.61±15.93）分,领悟社会支持量表总均分为（59.00±11.71）分,均处于中等水平。护生职业认同感与护生职业自我效能、领悟社会支持均呈正相关（r=0.831、0.378,均P<0.05）。选择护理专业的原因中,自己喜欢与听从家里安排、如何看待就业前景中的不想从事护理工作、护生自我效能中的职业态度和信念、职业认知均是护生职业认同感的影响因素（均P<0.05）。结论本科护生职业认同感、职业自我效能和领悟社会支持得分均处于中等水平;护生职业认同感受到多重因素影响;高校及临床应通过尽早开设职业生涯规划教育、强化思政教育与专业课教学相结合、加强临床实践环节质量督导等对不同阶段本科护生进行职业认同教育,以提高本科护生职业认同。

关键词: 本科护生, 职业认同, 混合性研究

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status quo of professional identity of undergraduate nursing students,analyze influencing factors,and put forward intervention strategies for the professional identity of undergraduate nursing students at different stages,so as to provide reference for the education and management of undergraduate nursing students in universities and clinics. Methods From March to June 2023,a total of 402 nursing undergraduates students from four grades of nursing major in Tianjin College of University of Science and Technology Beijing were selected by cluster sampling and investigated by using the general information questionnaire,the nursing students professional identity questionnaire,the nursing students professional self-efficacy scale and the perceived social support scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total average score of professional identity of nursing students was （57.48±11.90）points,the total average score of nursing students professional self-efficacy scale was （88.61±15.93）points, and the total average score of perceived social support scale was （59.00±11.71）points,all at the medium level. The sense of professional identity among nursing students was positively correlated with their professional self-efficacy and perceived social support（r=0.831, 0.378,both P<0.05）. The reasons for choosing a nursing major include personal preference and obedience to family arrangements,how to view employment prospects as not wanting to engage in nursing work,professional attitudes and beliefs in nursing students' self-efficacy,and professional cognition,all of which were influencing factors of nursing students' professional identity（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The scores of professional identity,professional self-efficacy,and perceived social support of undergraduate nursing students are at a medium level,and the professional identity of nursing students is affected by multiple factors. Colleges and clinics should provide professional identity education for undergraduate nursing students at different stages by offering career planning education as soon as possible,strengthening the combination of ideological and political education and professional course teaching,and strengthening the quality supervision of clinical practice,so as to improve the professional identity of undergraduate nursing students.

Key words: Undergraduate nursing students, Professional identity, Mixed study

中图分类号:

R181.3

邢冬婕, 孙静怡, 魏玲玲, 位姣, 齐娜, 于健. 本科护生职业认同现状及影响因素的混合性分析. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(5): 670-676.

XING Dongjie, SUN Jingyi, WEI Lingling, WEI Jiao, QI Na, YU Jian. Mixed analysis on current status and influencing factors of professional identity among undergraduate nursing students. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(5): 670-676.

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