关键词: 采矿业, 职业病危害因素, 监测

Abstract: Objective To understand the key occupational hazard factors and their concentration（intensity） in the mining industry workplaces in Sichuan Province,propose the key prevention and control measures for occupational hazards in the mining industry,and provide scientific basis for the special governance of the mining industry. Methods Analyze the monitoring results of occupational hazard factors and contact numbers,as well as key occupational hazard factors in the workplace of 499 mining enterprises in Sichuan Province from June to December 2023. Results 72.55% of the mining industry in Sichuan Province was non-metallic mineral selection industry,mainly consisting of small and micro enterprises and limited liability companies,accounting for 89.38% and 51.90%,respectively. The coal mining and washing industries had the highest number of victims,accounting for 40.82%. The main hazardous factors in the mining industry in Sichuan Province were noise,silica dust,and coal dust,with 19 996,10 286,and 8 079 people affected,accounting for 71.01%,36.53%,and 28.69%,respectively.The highest exceeding rate of monitoring units in the non-ferrous metal mining and selection industry was 73.81%. The exceeding rates of noise,silica dust,coal dust,and other dust in the mining industry in Sichuan Province were 18.99%,20.65%,3.82%,and 7.94%,respectively.Among them,the exceeding rates of noise and silicon dust in the black metal mining and selection industry were the highest,at 37.91% and 47.67%,respectively.The positions with high levels of noise and silica dust in the mining industry were crushing,loading,and excavation,while the positions with the highest noise exceeding rate and intensity were ball milling,which were 62.50% and 86.8 dB（A）,respectively. The positions with the highest exceeding rate of silicon dust detection and post exceeding rate were both ore drawing,accounting for 66.67% and 100.00%,respectively. The highest detected concentration of silicon dust in the mining site was 5.65 mg/m³. The highest detection concentration of silicon dust in the cutting position was 0.58 mg/m³. Conclusion Noise and dust are the main occupational hazards in the mining industry in Sichuan Province.The current situation of occupational hazards is not optimistic,and further efforts should be made to strengthen noise control and dust control,improve the working environment,and protect the health of workers.