关键词: 甲状腺激素, 免疫学, 检测方法, 进展

Abstract: The thyroid hormone are a kind of important endocrine hormones that plays a crucial role in human growth,development,metabolism,and other aspects. The abnormal levels of thyroid hormones are closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases,therefore,accurate and reliable detection of them is of great significance. At present,the detection of thyroid hormones in clinical practice is mainly determined through immunological methods,and the thyroid hormone content in the blood is directly measured through immunological detection techniques.The traditional immunological detection methods for thyroid hormones mainly include radioimmunoassay（RIA） and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. These two methods are the most widely used in clinical practice,with high sensitivity and specificity,and can accurately detect the level of thyroid hormones. However,due to the use of radioactive materials and some limitations in the operation process,traditional detection methods also have some limitations. With the continuous development of biotechnology and immunology,some new thyroid hormone detection methods have gradually been introduced. The application of new technologies such as immunofluorescence,chemiluminescence,and immunochromatography not only improves the sensitivity and accuracy of detection,but also reduces the requirements for experimental operators and reduces environmental pollution. These new methods have broad prospects for clinical application and are expected to become the mainstream methods for thyroid hormone detection in the future. Therefore,this article will review the current immunological detection methods as a reference for thyroid hormone detection.

Key words: Thyroid hormone, Immunology, Detection method, Progress